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1、第３６卷第２期地球科学与环境学报Vol?３６No?２２０１４年６月JournalofEarthSciencesandEnvironmentJune２０１４文章编号:１６７２Ｇ６５６１(２０１４)０２Ｇ０１２７Ｇ０８投稿网址http://jese.chd.edu.cn/黄土垂直节理形成机理的试验模拟李同录１,王红１,付昱凯１,梁燕２,３(１?长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安７１００５４;２?长安大学公路学院,陕西西安７１００６４;３?长安大学特殊地区公路工程教育部重点实验室,陕西西安７１００６４)摘要:通过室内试验模拟自然沉积作用下黄土中水的渗透性,发
2、现黄土垂直节理是地表水入渗过程中形成的.根据室内模型试验,建立一理想颗粒排列模型,利用TENＧ１５型张力计实测的土水特征曲线,计算从饱和到非饱和状态的变化过程中土颗粒的相互作用力的变化.结果表明:地表水在下渗过程中,初始沉积的黄土含水量发生变化,基质吸力和表面张力产生的粒间引力也发生变化;粒间引力会随着粒间距的减小而急剧增大,而且其随含水量的变化规律与粒间距的大小有很大关系;由于初始沉积的黄土粉粒结构疏松,粒间有极弱的支撑,改变含水量状态产生的粒间引力在较小的量级便会使土颗粒相互靠近,而颗粒间距减小,则粒间引力急剧增大,土体整体收缩导致局部拉裂形成垂向裂
3、隙,即垂直节理.关键词:黄土;垂直节理;形成机理;模型试验;渗透;表面张力;基质吸力;粒间引力中图分类号:P６４２．１３＋１文献标志码:ATestSimulationontheFormingMechanismofLoessVerticalJoints１,WANGHong１,FUYuＧkai１,LIANGYan２,３LITongＧlu(１．SchoolofGeologyEngineeringandGeomatics,Chang?anUniversity,Xi?an７１００５４,Shaanxi,China;２．SchoolofHighway,Chang?an
4、University,Xi?an７１００６４,Shaanxi,China;３．KeyLaboratoryforSpecialAreaHighwayEngineeringofMinistryofEducation,Chang?anUniversity,Xi?an７１００６４,Shaanxi,China)Abstract:Itisobservedthattheloessverticaljointsformintheprocessofrainfallpenetrationbythemodeltestforsimulatingloesspenetrationun
5、derthesedimentation．Accordingtothemodeltest,anidealmodelofsoilparticlearrangementwasbuilt;basedonthesoilＧwatercharacteristiccurveofloesssamplemeasuredbyTENＧ１５tensionmeter,theinteractionforcebetweensoilparticlesunderdifferentmoisturecontentswasinducedbytherelationshipbetweenmatric
6、suctionandcurvatureradiusofwatershrinkfilm．TheresultsshowthattheverticaljointiscausedbythechangeofinterＧparticleforcebecauseofthematricsuctionandsurfacetensionintheprocessofrainfallpenetration;theinterＧparticleforceincreasessharplywiththedecreaseoftheinterＧparticledistance,andthe
7、relationshipbetweentheinterＧparticleforceandwatercontentissignificantlyinfluencedbytheinterＧparticledistance;thestructureofinitialsedimentloessislooseandthesupportofinterＧparticleisweak,sothattheparticleswillbeclosetoeachotherbecauseoftheinterＧparticleforceatsmallordercausedbythe
8、changeofwatercontent,andtheinterＧparticl
