纺织英语第三版课文翻译lessonfivestructureandpropertiesofwool

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1、LessonFive第五课　　　StructureandPropertiesofWool羊毛纤维的结构和性能　　Underthemicroscopicobservation,thelengthofthewoolfibershowsascalestructure.Thesizeofthescalevariesfromverysmalltocomparativelybroadandlarge.Asmanyas700scalesarefoundin1cmoffinewool,whereascoarsewoolmayhaveasfewas275percm

2、.Finewooldoesnothaveasclearanddistinctscalesascoarsewool,buttheycanbeidentifiedunderhighmagnification.显微观察下，羊毛纤维的长度显示了一个规模结构。规模的大小从比较广阔的和大的很小变化。多达700的尺度是羊毛的1厘米，而粗毛可能为每厘米275少。细羊毛没有粗羊毛为清晰明确的尺度，但他们可以在高放大倍数的确定。　　Acrosssectionofwoolshowsthreedistinctpartstothefiber.Theouterlayer,c

3、alledcuticle,iscomposedofthescales.Thesescalesaresomewhathornyandirregularinshape,andtheyoverlap,withthetoppointingtowardsthetipofthefiber;theyaresimilartofishscales.Themajorportionofthefiberisthecortex(composedofcorticalcells);thisextendstowardthecenterfromthecuticlelayer.Co

4、rticalcellsarelongandspindle-shapedandprovidefiberstrengthandelasticity.Thecortexaccountsforapproximately90percentofthefibermass.Inthecenterofthefiberisthemedulla.Thesizeofthemedullavariesandinfinefibersmaybeinvisible.Thisistheareathroughwhichfoodreachedthefiberduringgrowth,a

5、nditcontainspigmentthatgivescolortofibers.羊毛的横截面显示三个不同部分的纤维。外层，称为角质层，由刻度。这些鳞片形状有点角质和不规则的，和他们的重叠，与顶端指向尖端的纤维；他们是类似鱼鳞。纤维的主要部分是皮质（由皮层细胞）；这延伸向角质层的中心。皮质细胞长梭形和提供纤维的强度和弹性。约百分之90的纤维质皮层帐户。在光纤的中心是髓质。延髓的尺寸变化和细纤维可能是看不见的。这是通过食品达到纤维在生长过程中的区域，它包含颜料，使色纤维。　　Woolfibersvaryinlengthfrom3.8toabout

6、38cm.Mostauthoritieshavedeterminedthatfinewoolsareusuallyfrom3.8to12.7cm;mediumwoolfrom6.4to15.2cm;andlong(coarse)woolsfrom12.7to38cm.羊毛纤维长度在3.8到38厘米不等。大多数当局已经确定，细羊毛通常从3.8到12.7厘米；中毛从6.4到15.2厘米；长（粗）从12.7到38厘米的羊毛。　　Thewidthofwoolalsovariesconsiderably.FinefiberssuchasMerinohave

7、anaveragewidthofabout15to17microns;whereasmediumwoolaverages24to34micronsandcoarsewoolabout40microns.Somewoolfibersareexceptionallystiffandcoarse;thesearecalledkempandaverageabout70micronsindiameter.羊毛的宽度也有很大的差别。细的纤维，如羊毛具有约15至17微米的平均宽度；而介质羊毛平均为24至34微米和40微米的粗羊毛。一些羊毛纤维非常僵硬和粗糙的；

8、这些都是所谓的肯普和平均直径约70微米的。　　Thewoolfibercrosssectionmaybenearlycircular,b