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ID:33631300
大小:1.82 MB
页数:6页
时间:2019-02-27
《畜禽粪便高温快速发酵装备设计与试验》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、2018年11月农业机械学报第49卷增刊doi:10.6041/j.issn.10001298.2018.S0.056畜禽粪便高温快速发酵装备设计与试验袁兴茂范国昌陈林高清海张秀平张亚振(河北省农林科学院农业机械化研究所,石家庄050051)摘要:针对传统有机肥发酵方式设施设备简陋、效率低、能耗高、发酵不彻底且容易造成固液气环境二次污染的问题,设计了一种畜禽粪便高温快速发酵装备。简述了畜禽粪便全封闭快速自动化腐熟工艺流程及工作原理,对发酵装备的整机结构、发酵罐主体结构、搅拌系统等关键部件进行了设计、计算及有限元分析。结合发酵工艺要求,以含水率为55%的牛粪为原料,对罐体内物料温度分
2、布及均匀性进行了试验分析,并对发酵产物进行了测试。试验与测试结果表明:在设备入料后第4天,罐体内物料平均温度为6481℃,温度均匀性变异系数为1%;经发酵装备生产出的有机肥有机质质量分数为535%、总养分质量分数为536%、蛔虫卵死亡率为100%、粪大肠菌群数在2个/g以内,均达到国家有机肥料行业标准。关键词:畜禽粪便;有机肥;高温快速发酵;发酵罐;有限元分析中图分类号:X713文献标识码:A文章编号:10001298(2018)S0041306DesignandExperimentofHighTemperatureandRapidFermentationEquipmen
3、tforLivestockandPoultryExcrementYUANXingmaoFANGuochangCHENLinGAOQinghaiZHANGXiupingZHANGYazhen(InstituteofAgriculturalMechanizationResearch,HebeiAcademyofAgricultureandForestrySciences,Shijiazhuang050051,China)Abstract:Inordertoovercometheshortcomingsoftraditionalmanurefermentationmodes,suchase
4、quipmentsimple,lowefficiency,highenergyconsumption,untotalfermentationandsecondarypollution,anewkindofequipmentwithhightemperatureandrapidfermentationforlivestockandpoultryexcrementwasdeveloped.Theoperationalprincipleandprocessflowoftheequipmentwereintroduced.Theoverallunitandthekeypartssuchasm
5、ajorstructureandmixingsystemweredesigned,calculatedandanalyzedbyusingfiniteelementmethod.Accordingtotherequirementoffermentationprocess,usingcowdungwithwatercontentof55%asrawmaterial,thetemperaturedistributionanduniformityofthematerialinthetankwastestedandanalyzed,andthefermentationproductwasal
6、sotested.Experimentandtestresultsshowedthatthewholefermentationprocessfromincomingtooutgoingmaterialslastedninedays,andtheequipmentconsumed1021kW·h,inthefourthdayafterthecowdungwasputintothetank,theaveragetemperatureofmaterielinthetankwas6481℃,andthetemperatureuniformitycoefficientofvariationw
7、as1%;themassfraction,nutrientcontentanddeathrateoflumbricoideggofproducedorganicfertilizerwas535%,536%and100%,respectively;thenumberoffecalcoliformsfecalwaslessthantwopergram.Allofthoseindicesmettherequirementofnationalstandardo
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