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时间:2019-02-27
《屋顶绿化对城市降温效应的模拟分析———以南京市为例-气象》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、第43卷第5期气象Vol.43No.52017年5月METEOROLOGICALMONTHLYMay2017沈滢洁,王成刚,曹乐,等,2017.屋顶绿化对城市降温效应的模拟分析———以南京市为例[J].气象,43(5):610619.屋顶绿化对城市降温效应的模拟分析———以南京市为例 沈滢洁王成刚曹乐郜海阳王咏薇南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,南京210044提要:利用WRF模式耦合单层城市冠层模式,针对屋顶绿化对城市降温效果进行了模拟,结果表明:(1)南京夏季绿化后的屋顶反照率约为0.15,较水泥及其他反光材料的反照率略小,在白天可造成约0.2℃的升温。(2)绿化后的屋顶热容量明显增加,可
2、使白天气温下降0.33℃;在夜间,可使气温升高0.21℃左右。(3)在植被阻挡作用及土壤层阻挡作用下,屋顶的导热率降低。在白天,净辐射能很难向下层传递,从而转化为感热加热大气,造成气温升高。(4)土壤湿度的改变使更多净辐射能转化为潜热释放。在白天可使温度降低1.23℃;在夜间,平均降温幅度为0.44℃。除此之外,模拟不同季节的统计结果表明,屋顶绿化降温效果在夏季最为明显,最大降幅可达1.22℃,春季0.96℃,秋季0.75℃,冬季只有0.38℃。关键词:城市热岛,屋顶绿化,城市下垫面,数值模拟中图分类号:P49文献标志码:A犇犗犐:10.7519/j.issn.10000526.2017.0
3、5.010ACaseStudyofSimulatedCoolingEffectofRoofGreeninginUrbanAreaofNanjingSHENYingjieWANGChenggangCAOLeGAOHaiyangWANGYongweiSchoolofAtmosphericPhysics,NanjingUniversityofInformationScienceandTechnology,Nanjing210044犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Inthepresentstudy,theWRFmodelwiththeincorporationofaSingleLayerUrbanCanopyMod
4、elisusedtoinvestigatethecoolingeffectofroofgreeninginNanjing.Sensitivitytestsofalbedo,heatcapacity,thermalconductivityandhumidityareconductedforthetimeperiodfrom28to29July2013.Thesimulationresultsshowthat:(1)thealbedoofroofsisreducedtoapproximately0.15aftergreening,whichissmallerthanthealbedovalueso
5、ftheroofsbuiltwithcementorotherreflectivematerials.Thisresultmayleadtotheincreaseofcitytemperatureby0.2℃indaytime.(2)Theheatcapacityofroofsincreasessignificantlyaftergreening,leadingtothedeclineoftemperatureby0.33℃indaytimewhilethetemperatureatnightincreasesbyabout0.21℃.(3)Duetotheexistenceofveget
6、ationandsoillayer,thethermalconductivityofroofsisweakened.Asaresult,thenetradiationonroofsismoreeasilyconvertedtosensibleheatratherthanbeingtransferreddownwards,warmingtheoverlyingambientair.(4)Thechangeofsoilhumidityenhancesthereleaseoflatentheatfromthenetradiationonroofs.Therefore,temperaturesind
7、aytimeandnighttimearereducedbyabout1.23℃and0.44℃,respectively.Inaddition,thestatisticalanalysisofthesimulationresultsfordifferentseasonsshowsthatthereductionoftemperaturebyroofgreeningisthestrongestin
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