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1、附录一外文资料原文WheelLoaderPrototypesInthe1920s,smallagriculturaltractorswereoutfittedwithaloaderbucketforre-handlingoflightmaterials.Thiscontraptionservedastheearliestprototypeforthemodernwheelloader.Theearliestversionsofthewheelloaderwerenothingmorethanapivotingbucketandliftarmsmounted
2、onafarm-typetractor.Abucketwasmountedonatractorusingwireropesthroughaclutch-operatedwinch,andthendumpedbygravitythroughatripreleasemechanism.Bythe1930s,anumberofmanufacturersweredevelopingsmallwheelloadersbyfasteningbucketsontotractors.E.Boydell&Co.,inManchesterEngland,wasoneofthe
3、firstrecordedmakersofabucket-mountedtractorwiththeirMuir-Hillloader,a0.5-cubicyard(0.4m3)cable-controlledbucketmountedona28horsepowerFordsonTractor.RigidFrameWheelLoadersIn1939,anengineerfromChicagobythenameofFrankG.Houghdevelopedthefirstselfcontained,two-wheeldrive,rubbertired,lo
4、adercalledtheHoughModelHS.Themachinehadabucketcapacityof1/3cubicyard(0.25m3).Thebucketwasdumpedbygravitythroughalatchmechanism.Othermanufacturersbegantoproduceintegratedfour-wheeldrivewheelloaders.Manyofthefirstwheelloadershadrigidframes.Thoughthesemachineswereintegrated,theirrigi
5、dframeslimitedmaneuverabilityresultinginthemachinestoturninlargecirclesrenderingthemuselesstooperateintightplaces.ThefirstthreewheelloadersdevelopedbyCaterpillar,forexample,hadrigidframes.OthermanufacturerslikeEuclid/Terexenteredthewheelloadermarketin1957,ratherlate,withasmallrigi
6、dframewheelloaderunitknownastheL-7.FurukawaFL35I4x4ArticulatedWheelLoaderPerhapsoneofthemostsignificantmilestonesintheevolutionofthewheel15loaderwastheintroductionofthearticulatedframe.MixermobileManufacturersinPortland,Oregonfirstpioneeredthistechnologyin1953withtheScoopmobileMod
7、elLD-5,In1944,Houghwentontomanufacturealoaderwiththefirsthydraulicallyactuatedbuckettilt.Thisgavethemachinetheabilitytocontroldumpingandtheoperatorcouldapproachabankinlowgearandscoopafullbucketbytiltingthebucketbackduringloading.In1947,Houghwouldadvancewheelloaderdevelopmentonceag
8、ainwhenthecompanydevelopedtheworl
