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ID:33354284
大小:2.72 MB
页数:60页
时间:2019-02-25
《gmaw熔滴过渡及焊道咬边成形缺陷的初步分析》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、山东人学硕十学伊论文GMAW熔滴过渡及焊道咬边成形缺陷的初步分析摘要GMAW焊接是制造业中应用最广泛的焊接工艺方法,而熔滴过渡是影响GMAW焊接过程稳定性及焊接质量的关键因素之一。在GMAW焊接的几种熔滴过渡模式中,射滴过渡被认为是最理想的熔滴过渡形式。另一方面,为了提高生产效率,需要进一步提高GMAW焊接速度,而焊速的提高会使得焊缝成形差,出现焊道咬边的现象。本文针对GMAW焊接面临的上述两个问题开展研究,这对于保证GMAW焊接质量并进一步提高其焊接生产率,具有重要意义。对熔滴的受力情况进行分析,建立了描述熔滴过渡从大滴过渡向射滴过渡转变的临界
2、电流方程,对其求解,得出了临界电流值。在一定的焊接工艺条件下,计算结果与实验结果比较吻合。在对咬边倾向进行分析和预测时,为了将焊接工艺条件与所建模型联系起来,利用解析法对熔池的几何形状进行计算。采用高斯分布的电弧压力作用模式,在一定的假设条件下定量分析了电弧压力对焊道形状的影响,初步分析了电弧压力对GMAW焊接时液态金属平衡形状的影响。建立了计算焊道形状的流体静力学模型,针对不同焊接参数对咬边深度的影响进行计算,研究结果表明:焊接速度越大,焊接热输入越高,咬边深度越大,即咬边倾向越明显。在焊接速度和热输入低于一定值时,不会发生咬边。关键词:GMA
3、W焊接,熔滴过渡,咬边缺陷,流体静力学模型ABSTRACTThePreliminaryAnalysisforDropletTransferandWeld—beadUndercuttinginGMAWGMAW(GasMetalAreWelding)isthemostwidelyusedweldingprocessinmanufacturing,anddroplettransferisoneofthekeyfactorswhichaffecttheweldingqualityandthestabilityofweldingprocesses.Spra
4、ytransferisthemostexpectedmodeofdroplettransferinseveralkindsoftransfermodesinGMAW.Ontheotherhand,weldingvelocitymustbeincreasedinordertoimprovetheproductionefficiency.Theincreasingofweldingvelocitywillleadtosomedefectsofweld-beadformation,thentheundercutappears.Inthisthesis,
5、thesetwoquestionsmentionedabovearestudied.ItisofgreatsignificancetoensuretheweldqualityandimproveproductionefficiencyinGMAW.Basedontheanalysisofforcesexertedonthedroplet,anequationisdevelopedtocalculatethecriticaltransitioncurrentfromdroplettransfertospraytransfer.Inthedeterm
6、inatecondition,thecalculatedresultsmatchtotheexperimentalones.Forcorrelatingtheweldingprocessconditiontothemodelforpredictingtheformationofundercutting,theanalyticalmodelisusedtocalculatetheshapeofweldp001.Onsomedeterminatehypothesis,thearCpressureisconsideredtoanalyzetheshap
7、eofweldbead.ThearCpressuredistributionissimplyinGaussfunction.Ahydrostaticmodeltoexplaintheundercutmechanismsisproposed,thenitisusedtocalculatethedepthofundercut.Theresultindicatesthathigherweldingvdoeityandmoreweldingpowerwillleadtohigherundercutdepth,whichmeansundercuttrend
8、ismoreobvious.Whentheweldingvelocityandweldingpowerarelimitedbelowac
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