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1、第32卷第4期经济林研究Vol.32No.42014年12月NonwoodForestResearchDec.2014南方红豆杉生物学、生态学特性及培育技术123411155鲁定伟,周要全,李曙波,俞新水,李舒涵,张春红,杨春,杨书,杨志云(1.昌宁县林权管理服务中心,云南昌宁678100;2.昌宁县大田坝乡林业服务中心,云南昌宁678105;3.保山市林业技术推广总站,云南保山678000;4.保山市林木种苗管理站,云南保山678000;5.昌宁县林木种苗管理站,云南昌宁678100)摘要:为拓宽紫杉
2、醇原料来源,昌宁县1998年起开展南方红豆杉引种种植,对南方红豆杉生物学、生态学特性进行了10多年观察,并研究不同的生境、不同的种子贮藏方法、扦插和实生育苗对南方红豆杉苗木生长的影响。研究结果表明,南方红豆杉的生理成熟期为7a;雌雄比例约为7∶1;坡向因子对红豆杉高生长影响显著,阴坡红豆杉生长明显好于阳坡,红豆杉生长对湿度的要求较高;侧枝扦插所培育苗木无顶端优势,生长差,生产上种植红豆杉应选择种子播种育苗造林;种子覆土厚度以2.0~2.5cm为佳,需加强出土不久幼苗的病虫害防治;营养袋直播育苗效果最好;
3、鲜叶含水量随季节变化而变化,3月含水量最低。关键词:林业;南方红豆杉;培育技术中图分类号:S601文献标志码:A文章编号:1003—8981(2014)04—0159—06Biologicalcharacteristics,ecologicalcharacteristicsandcultivationtechniquesinTaxuschinensisvar.mairei1234111LUDing-wei,ZHOUYao-quan,LIShu-bo,YUXin-shui,LIShu-han,ZHANGC
4、hun-hong,YANGChun,55YANGShu,YANGZhi-yun(1.ForestOwnershipServiceCenterofChangningCounty,Changning678100,Yunnan,China;2.ForestryServiceCenterofDatianbaTown,Changning678105,Yunnan,China;3.BaoshanCityForestryTechnologyExtensionStation,Baoshan678000,Yunnan,C
5、hina;4.BaoshanCityTreeSeedlingsManagementStation,Baoshan678000,Yunnan,China;5.ChangningCountyTreeSeedlingsManagementStation,Changning678100,Yunnan,China)Abstract:Inordertobroadenthesourcesofmaterialsproducingtaxinol,Taxuschinensisvar.maireihadbeenintrodu
6、cedtoChangningCountysince1998,biologicalandecologicalcharacteristicshadbeenobservedfortenyears,andeffectsofdifferenthabitats,storagemethodsofseeds,cuttingandseedlingnurseryongrowthofseedlinginT.chinensisvar.maireiwereresearched.Theresultsshowedthatphysio
7、logicalmaturityperiodwasseven-year-old,theratiooffemaleplantnumbertomaleplantnumberwasabout7∶1.TheslopefactorshadsignificanteffectsonheightgrowthofT.chinensisvar.mairei,andGrowthstatusoftheplantsatshadyslopewasbetterthanthatatsunnyslope.GrowthofT.chinens
8、isvar.maireihadhigherdemandsforhumidity.Theseedlingsculturedbylateralbranchcuttinghadnoapicaldominanceandbadgrowthstatus,sotheplantsculturedbyseedlingnurseryshouldbechosenforafforestationinproduction.Thebestthicknessofcove