“造血式”海洋渔业资源生态补偿法律制度构建

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1、决实践中出现的渔民再生产和再就业困难以及影响渔业经济稳定发展的不合理因素，为保障渔民合理的生存权益和发展权益奠定基础。本文以对我国渔业大省——浙江省、山东省等部分沿海省市的渔业发展和生态补偿状况的实地调研为基础，以法律制度构建为出发点展开对“造血式”海洋渔业资源生态补偿的法学研究。通过对“造血式”生态补偿发展的梳理、主体权利义务的安排、补偿标准和方式的选择以及海洋生态补偿基金等方面的研究，完善我国“造血式”海洋渔业资源生态补偿法律制度，以求渔业资源和海域生态功能的恢复和长期稳定发展，满足沿海居民正常的生产生活和渔

2、业经济可持续发展的需求。关键词：“造血式”生态补偿；海洋渔业资源；法律制度构建II万方数据Constructionof＂hematopoietic＂ecologicalcompensationlegalsystemofmarinefisheryresourcesAbstractSince1950s,inordertosolvetheresourcesconsumptionandecologicaldestructionintheeconomicandsocialdevelopment,somecountriesa

3、ndregionshavetriedtousetheeconomicinstrumentstoadjustpeople’sproductionlife,gradually,formedawaytoprotectresourcesnamed“ecologicalcompensation”.Uptotoday,whetherintheoryorinpractice,theecologicalcompensationhaslaunchedanextensivediscussionanresearchintheworld

4、,domesticandforeignscholarshaveputmanyforwardsuggestions.Thesesuggestionsareplayinganimportantroleinimprovingtheecologicalenvironmentqualityandpeople’sawarenessofecologicalprotection.“Hematopoietic”ecologicalcompensationisachoiceofecologicalcompensationinterm

5、sof“transfusional”ecologicalcompensation.“Transfusional”ecologicalcompensationisacompensationwhichhiscompensationalbloodissentdirectlytothecompensated-subject,tomeettheireconomiclosses.Whilethisapproachcanbeatimelyandeffectivemethodinmeetingthelossesofproduct

6、ionandlife,lateritisalwaysfacedwiththeproblemsofinsufficientsupply.Oncethecompensatorypaymentsarenotinplace,theentirechainofecologicalcompensationwillbeparalyzed.The“hematopoietic”ecologicalcompensationissoughtbythewayofartificialarrangementsofprojectstopromo

7、tethecompensated-region’s“hematopoietic-ability”,andtheseprojectsarealmostfinancedbythecompensationalblood.Changingthepastecologicalcompensationmodewhichtransfersthefundsdirectly,notonlycompensatethedamagedecosystemfunction,butalsoformneweconomicindustryinthe

8、secompensated-regions,sothattheexternalcompensationcanbechangedintotheselfaccumulatedabilityandselfdevelopingability,whichwillguaranteethestableandextendeddevelopmentbetweentheeconomicsan