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1、NeutrinoPhysics:FundamentalsofNeutrinoOscillationsC.W.Kim∗DepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomy,TheJohnsHopkinsUniversityBaltimore,Maryland21218,USA.andDepartmentofPhysics,KoreaAdvancedInstituteofScienceandTechnologyTaejon305-701,KoreaItisinterestingtoremarkthatinthecasesofbothm(νe
2、)Inthislecturewereviewsomeofthebasicpropertiesofandm(νµ),alltheexperimentalanalyseshaveconsis-neutrinos,inparticulartheirmassandtheoscillationbehav-2tentlyyieldednegaivem,whichshowsthatsomesys-ior.Firstwediscusshowtodescribetheneutrinomass.Then,tematicsinexperimentsarestillno
3、tproperlyunderstood.undertheassumptionthatneutrinosaremassiveandmixed,Ontheotherhandwehaveveryinterestinglimitsfromthefundamentalsoftheneutrinooscillationsarediscussedcosmology.Requiringthatneutrinoscannotover-closewithemphasisonsubtleaspectswhichhavebeenoverlookedtheUniverse
4、,wehaveinthepast.Wethenreviewtheterrestrialneutrinooscil-lationexperimentsintheframeworkofthreegenerationsofXneutrinoswiththestandardmasshierarchy.Finally,abriefmi<∼(20∼30)eV,(2)summaryofthecurrentstatusofthesolarandatmosphericineutrinoproblemswillbegiven.wheretheuncertaintyi
5、sduetothatoftheHubblecon-stant.TheabovelimitappliesonlywhenneutrinosarestableormuchlongerlivedthantheageoftheUniverse.I.INTRODUCTIONTherecentCOBEdataandotherastronomicalobserva-tionsprovideuswithanintriguingpossibilitythattheNeutrinosarestilltheleastknownparticlesamongtheheav
6、iestneutrinomassmightbeofoderof1∼10eV.Awell-establishedfundamentalfermionsintheUniverse.neutrinoorneutrinosofthismassrangecanexplaintheThemostimportantpropertyoftheneutrinosiswhethersmallscaleregionofthepowerspectrumintheformofornotneutrinosaremassive.Iftheyturnouttobemass-ho
7、tdarkmatter.Currently,however,themostpromis-less,onemustunderstandthereasonwhytheyaremass-ingwaytoprobetheneutrinomassisconsideredtobeless.Themasslessnessofthephotonisguaranteedbytheneutrinooscillationexperiments.ThesourcecanbethelocalU(1)emgaugeinvariance.Becauseofthelackeit
8、herterrestrialorextraterrestrial.ofsuchasymmetryandinlightofthenatur
