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1、维基百科(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyber-physical_system)的定义是:Acyber-physicalsystem(CPS)isasystemfeaturingatightcombinationof,andcoordinationbetween,thesystem’scomputationalandphysicalelements.Today,apre-cursorgenerationofcyber-physicalsystemscanbefoundinareasasdiverseasaerospace,automotive,c
2、hemicalprocesses,civilinfrastructure,energy,healthcare,manufacturing,transportation,entertainment,andconsumerappliances.Thisgenerationisoftenreferredtoasembeddedsystems.Inembeddedsystemstheemphasistendstobemoreonthecomputationalelements,andlessonanintenselinkbetweenthecomputationalandphysica
3、lelements.Unlikemoretraditionalembeddedsystems,afull-fledgedCPSistypicallydesignedasanetworkofinteractingelementswithphysicalinputandoutputinsteadofasstandalonedevices.[1]Thenotioniscloselytiedtoconceptsofroboticsandsensornetworks.Theexpectationisthatinthecomingyearsongoingadvancesinsciencea
4、ndengineeringwillimprovethelinkbetweencomputationalandphysicalelements,dramaticallyincreasingtheadaptability,autonomy,efficiency,functionality,reliability,safety,andusabilityofcyber-physicalsystems.Theadvanceswillbroadenthepotentialofcyber-physicalsystemsinseveraldimensions,including:interve
5、ntion(e.g.,collisionavoidance);precision(e.g.,roboticsurgeryandnano-levelmanufacturing);operationindangerousorinaccessibleenvironments(e.g.,searchandrescue,firefighting,anddeep-seaexploration);coordination(e.g.,airtrafficcontrol,warfighting);efficiency(e.g.,zero-netenergybuildings);andaugmen
6、tationofhumancapabilities(e.g.,healthcaremonitoringanddelivery)。信息-物理融合系统CPS是一个综合计算、网络和物理环境的多维复杂系统,通过3C(Computation、Communication、Control)技术的有机融合与深度协作,实现大型工程系统的实时感知、动态控制和信息服务。CPS实现计算、通信与物理系统的一体化设计,可使系统更加可靠、高效、实时协同,具有重要而广泛的应用前景。近年来,CPS不仅已成为国内外学术界和科技界研究开发的重要方向,预计也将成为企业界优先发展的产业领域。开展CPS研究与应用对于加快
7、我国培育推进工业化与信息化融合具有重要意义。信息物理融合系统CPS(Cyber-PhysicalSystem)是一个综合计算、网络和物理环境的多空间复杂系统,通过3C(Computation、Communication、Control)技术的有机融合与深度协作,实现大型物理与信息交互系统的实时感知、动态控制和信息服务。CPS实现计算、通信技术与物理工程的一体化设计,可使大型系统更加安全高效,协同工作,实现新的高级功能,具有重要而广泛的应用前景。近年来CPS不仅成为国际学术界与科技界研究和开发