基于等流时线法与桥墩水痕的桥梁水害预警-研究

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1、ABSTRACTInviewofthedrawbacksofexistingmethodsofwaterhazardpredictionofsmallandmediumbridges，suchasinaccuracyofthepredictingresults，intensivephysicallabourofoutwork，highdifficultylackofobservationaldataandhydrographicinformation，moreattentionpaidtoresultthanprocessandSOon，Anewmethodto

2、deducethegeneralizedconfluxcurveoftheriverbasinbythewatermarkofthepierispresentedinthepaper,whichgreatlyimprovesthesituationthatitishardtopredictwhentheobservationaldataandhydrographicinformationoftheriverbasinisdeficient．Inaddition，thismethodcanpredictnotonlythepeakdischargeoftheflo

3、od，butalsothespecifictimewhenthefloodreachthebridge．Theprocessofwaterhazardprewarningofbridgeinthepaperisasfollows：(1)CombiningtheheightofthewatermarkofpierinhistorythatCanbeeasilyobservedandhavebeenrecordedonthepierwiththesectionshapeoftheriver-bedunderthebridge，thecorrespondingpeak

4、dischargeofthefloodinhistoryCallbegotonthebasisofXiecai-Manningformula．ThentheareaoftransformedbasinCanbecalculatedaccordingtotherationalformula．(2)Takingthegeneralizedfloodhydrographastherealfloodhydrographunderthebridge，therelationshipbetweenfloodhydrographandconfluxcurvecanbediscu

5、ssedfromthreecasesbasedonthecharacteristicoftheriverbasinandrainstorm．(3)Accordingtotheselectedperiodoftime，timeintervaldistributionofthegeneralizedconfluxcurvecanbedone，andactuallymeasuredprocessofrainfallCanbegotbyobservingtherainstormfallenintheriverbasin．Thenthefloodhydrographcau

6、sedbytherainstormfallenunderthebridgecanbegotbyanalyzingtheconfluxprocesswiththeisochronalmethod．Inordertoimprovetheisochronalmethod，areaprecipitationprocessofthelowerreachesisusedtospeculatethefloodhydrographcausedbytherainstormfallenunderthebridge，inadditiontothis，peakdischargeredu

7、ctioncoefficientandtimelatencycoefficientareputforwardtotakeaccountoftheinfluenceoftheadjustingstoragebyriverchannel．(4)Checkingthewaterlevelandscourdepthofthebridgecausedbythepeakdischargecalculatedtofigureoutwhethertherewillbewaterhazardofthebridgeandreleasingtheearly—warninginform

8、ation．Infloo