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3、iii1.INTRODUCTIONToembraceandimprovethefuture,itisvitaltoinheritrelevantattributesofthepastandpresent.Nextgenerationnetworksareforeseentoinheritfromandintegrateamultitudeofdifferentheterogeneousw
4、irelessnetworksincludingWLANs,WiMAX,cellulargenerations,andsatellitesystems,withthepurposeofprovidingthreemainfeatures:fullyconvergedmultimediaandinternetservices,ubiquitousmobileaccessanddiverseuserdevices.Forasmoothtransitiontothenextgeneration,therewouldbeneedforrevisionofexis
5、tingnetworkswhiledesigningnewsystemarchitectures,applications,protocols,authenticationandsecuritymechanisms.Withthewidevarietyofwirelessnetworksthatpossessdiversekindsoftechniques,architectures,topologies,andprotocolsbringingforthdifferentInternetandmobileservicesandfeaturesthats
6、uggestthat,inaforeseeablefuture,withthecontinuedtrendsofwirelesstechniquesandwiththesteepincreaseintheusersofmobileservicesdesiringtocommunicatetoanyonefromanywhereatanytime,itisinevitablethatthesetechnologiesneedtobeharmonizedandintegratedsothattheycomplimenteachotherinproviding
7、desiredcoverage,dataratesorbandwidth,andbothrealtime(e.g.videoconferencing)andnon-realtime(e.g.MultimediaMessaging)services.ThissignalsawelcomecallforinterworkingmechanismsbetweenthediverseHWNwiththecapabilitiestoubiquitouslyprovideseamlessuserexperience,sessioncontinuity,integra
8、tedauthentication,integratedbilling,inter-carrierroaming,terminalmobility,andservicemobility.Inthatcase,theidealHWNscouldbeperceivedasthoseinwhichthethreemajorparties,i.e.themobilePage
9、1users,thenetworkoperatorsandserviceprovidersarecontentedwiththeperformanceoftheirvaryingnetwor
10、ksintermsofroamingservicesandsecuritymec
