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1、矿用挖掘机的总体设计摘要挖掘机行业是工程机械行业的排头兵，大型矿用挖掘机可以实现完全机械化,具有机械化自动化程度高、斗容量大、环保性能好、挖掘效率高、进度快、机动性能好等优点，故在在冶金、能源、矿山等方面有广泛的应用。由于常常在野外和露天作业，工作环境十分恶劣，要求挖掘机的各个装置既要结构合理,性能安全可靠又要尽可能降低成本。总体设计是挖掘机设计中极其重要的环节，挖掘机的总体设计就是根据设计说明书中所要求的规格及使用条件，合理的选择机型、性能参数、整机尺寸及各主要部件的结构形式并进行合理布置。本文通过对挖掘机总体布置，机器外型尺寸的确定，动臂铰点位置的确定，合理接地比压的确定，提升、推压、回转
2、、行走电动机功率的确定，最小转弯半径的确定，铲斗容量的计算、生产率的计算、平衡及配重的计算、工作装置的受力分析等实现其对挖掘机的总体设计。本文还介绍了挖掘机国内外发展的现状及趋势、挖掘机的结构组成及工作过程，动臂结构原理及其功能。使用AutoCAD2006软件绘制挖掘机总体布置图、动臂焊接结构图及铲斗、斗杆等零件图。通过CATIA建立动臂三维模型导入PRO/E中进行有限元强度分析，校核动臂设计效果。关键词：矿用挖掘机总体设计工作装置设计有限元分析35AbstractExcavatorindustryisthevanguardoftheconstructionmachineryindustry,
3、large-scaleminingexcavatorcanachievefullmechanization,withahighdegreeofmechanizationandautomation,fightingcapacity,performanceandenvironmentalprotection,highefficiency,fasterprogress,goodmobilityandmanyotheradvantages,soitiswidelyusedinbroadplaceslikeMetallurgy,energy,miningandotheraspectsofindustry
4、.Asitisoftenworkinwildandopen-air,thenegativeworkingenvironmentrequirevariousdevicesexcavatorwitharationalstructure,performance,safetyandreliabilityaswellasreducecostsasmuchaspossible.CollectivityDesignOf8mMiningExcavatoristheimportantpartoftheoveralldesignprocess.Excavatordesignisaccordingthedesign
5、specificationofthespecificationsandconditionswhichrequiredofDesignManualtochoiceareasonablemodels,generallayoutexcavators,machinedeterminethesizeofappearance,Boomhingelocationidentification,reasonablegroundpressurethantheidentification,upgrade,pushingpressure,rotation,thedeterminationofoperatingmoto
6、rpower,thedeterminationoftheminimumturningradius,shovelfightingcapacity,productivity,weightandbalancecalculationsandworkforceanalysis,thustofinishtheoveralldesignof8Cubicmetersexcavator.Thispaperdescribesthedomesticandforeigndevelopmentofexcavatorsstatusandtrends,aswellasthecompositionandstructureof
7、theexcavator'sworkingprocess.,theprincipleandfunctionoftheboom.UsingtheAutoCAD2006softwaretodrawtheexcavator'soveralllayout,thestructureoftheweldingboomandbucketandotherpartmaps.Throughthesoftwareofca
