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1、HieroHierobyXenophonTranslationbyH.G.Dakyns1HieroIOnceuponatimeSimonidesthepoetpaidavisittoHierothe"tyrant,"[1]andwhenbothobtainedtheliesurerequisite,Simonidesbeganthisconversation:[1]Or,"cametothecourtofthedespoticmonarchHiero."Forthe"dramatispersonae"seeDr.Holden'sIntroductiontothe"Hi
2、eron"ofXenophon.Wouldyoubepleasedtogivemeinformation,Hiero,uponcertainmatters,astowhichitislikelyyouhavegreaterknowledgethanmyself?[2][2]Or,"wouldyouobligemebyexplainingcertainmatters,astowhichyourknowledgenaturallytranscendsmyown?"Andpray,whatsortofthingsmaythosebe(answeredHiero),ofwhi
3、chIcanhavegreaterknowledgethanyourself,whoaresowiseaman?Iknow(repliedthepoet)thatyouwereonceaprivateperson,[3]andarenowamonarch.Itisbutlikely,therefore,thathavingtestedbothconditions,[4]youshouldknowbetterthanmyself,whereinthelifeofthedespoticrulerdiffersfromthelifeofanyordinaryperson,l
4、ookingtothesumofjoysandsorrowstowhichfleshisheir.[3]Or,"acommoncitizen,""anordinarymortal,""aprivateindividual."[4]Or,"havingexperiencedbothlotsinlife,bothformsofexistence."Woulditnotbesimpler(Hieroreplied)ifyou,onyourside,[5]whoarestillto-dayaprivateperson,wouldrefreshmymemorybyrecalli
5、ngthevariouscircumstancesofanordinarymortal'slife?Withthesebeforeme,[6]Ishouldbebetterabletodescribethepointsofdifferencewhichexistbetweentheonelifeandtheother.[5]Simonidesisstillinthechrysalisorgrubconditionofprivatecitizenship;hehasnotbrokentheshellasyetofordinarymanhood.[6]Lit."intha
6、tcase,IthinkIshouldbestbeabletopointoutthe'differentia'ofeither."ThusitwasthatSimonidesspokefirst:Wellthen,astoprivatepersons,2HieroformypartIobserve,[7]orseemtohaveobserved,thatweareliabletovariouspainsandpleasures,intheshapeofsights,sounds,odours,meats,anddrinks,whichareconveyedthroug
7、hcertainavenuesofsense--towit,theeyes,ears,nostrils,mouth.Andthereareotherpleasures,thosenamedofAphrodite,ofwhichthechannelsarewellknown.Whileastodegreeofheatandcold,thingshardandsoft,thingslightandheavy,thesenseappealedtohere,Iventuretobelieve,isthatofthewholebody;[8]wherebywe
