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1、TheBookofTeaTheBookofTeabyKakuzoOkakura1TheBookofTeaI.TheCupofHumanityTeabeganasamedicineandgrewintoabeverage.InChina,intheeighthcentury,itenteredtherealmofpoetryasoneofthepoliteamusements.ThefifteenthcenturysawJapanennobleitintoareligionofaestheticism--Teaism.Teaismisacultfoundedontheadorationoft
2、hebeautifulamongthesordidfactsofeverydayexistence.Itinculcatespurityandharmony,themysteryofmutualcharity,theromanticismofthesocialorder.ItisessentiallyaworshipoftheImperfect,asitisatenderattempttoaccomplishsomethingpossibleinthisimpossiblethingweknowaslife.ThePhilosophyofTeaisnotmereaestheticismin
3、theordinaryacceptanceoftheterm,foritexpressesconjointlywithethicsandreligionourwholepointofviewaboutmanandnature.Itishygiene,foritenforcescleanliness;itiseconomics,foritshowscomfortinsimplicityratherthaninthecomplexandcostly;itismoralgeometry,inasmuchasitdefinesoursenseofproportiontotheuniverse.It
4、representsthetruespiritofEasterndemocracybymakingallitsvotariesaristocratsintaste.ThelongisolationofJapanfromtherestoftheworld,soconducivetointrospection,hasbeenhighlyfavourabletothedevelopmentofTeaism.Ourhomeandhabits,costumeandcuisine,porcelain,lacquer,painting--ourveryliterature--allhavebeensub
5、jecttoitsinfluence.NostudentofJapaneseculturecouldeverignoreitspresence.Ithaspermeatedtheeleganceofnobleboudoirs,andenteredtheabodeofthehumble.Ourpeasantshavelearnedtoarrangeflowers,ourmeanestlabourertoofferhissalutationtotherocksandwaters.Inourcommonparlancewespeakoftheman"withnotea"inhim,whenhei
6、sinsusceptibletotheserio-comicinterestsofthepersonaldrama.Againwestigmatisetheuntamedaesthetewho,regardlessofthemundanetragedy,runsriotinthespringtideofemancipatedemotions,asone"withtoomuchtea"inhim.Theoutsidermayindeedwonderatthisseemingmuchadoaboutnothing.Whatatempestinatea-cup!hewillsay.Butwhen
7、weconsiderhowsmallafterallthecupofhumanenjoymentis,howsoonoverflowed2TheBookofTeawithtears,howeasilydrainedtothedregsinourquenchlessthirstforinfinity,weshallnotblameourselvesformakingsomuchofthetea-cup.Mankindhas
