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1、Contents••Prefacevu•PrefacetotheThirdEditionIXIntroductiontotheChineseEdition1AnalyticalIndex5Introduction9Parts1-2014PostscriptonRelativism268Index273PrefaceIn1970ImreLakatos,oneofthebestfriendsIeverhad,corneredmeataparty.'Paul,'hesaid,'youhavesuchstrangeideas.Whydon'tyouwritethemdown?
2、Ishallwriteareply,wepublishthewholethingandIpromiseyou-weshallhavelotsoffun.'Ilikedthesuggestionandstartedworking.Themanuscriptofmypartofthebookwasfmishedin1972andIsentittoLondon.Thereitdisappearedunderrathermysteriouscircumstances.ImreLakatos,wholoveddramaticgestures,notifiedInterpolan
3、d,indeed,Interpolfoundmymanu•scriptandreturnedittome.Irereaditandmadesomefmalchanges.InFebruary1974,onlyafewweeksafterIhadfinishedmyrevision,IwasinformedofImre'sdeath.Ipublishedmypartofourcommonenterprisewithouthisresponse.AyearlaterIpublishedasecondvolume,ScienceinaFreeSociety,containi
4、ngadditionalmaterialandrepliestocriticism.Thishistoryexplainstheformofthebook.Itisnotasystematictreatise;itisalettertoafriendandaddresseshisidiosyncrasies.Forexample,ImreLakatoswasarationalist,hencerationalismplaysalargeroleinthebook.HealsoadmiredPopperandthereforePopperoccursmuchmorefr
5、equentlythanhis'objectiveimportance'wouldwarrant.ImreLakatos,somewhatjokingly,calledmeananarchistandIhadnoobjectiontoputtingontheanarchist'smask.Finally,ImreLakatoslovedtoembarrassseriousopponentswithjokesandironyandsoI,too,occasionallywroteinaratherironicalvein.AnexampleistheendofChapt
6、er1:'anythinggoes'isnota'principle'Ihold-Idonotthinkthat'principles'canbeusedandfruitfullydiscussedoutsidetheconcreteresearchsituationtheyaresupposedtoaffect-buttheterrifiedexclamationofarationalistwhotakesacloserlookathistory.Readingthemanythorough,serious,longwindedandthoroughlymisgui
7、dedcriticismsIreceivedafterpublicationofthefirstEnglisheditionIoftenrecalledmyexchangeswithImre;howwewouldbothhavelaughedhadwebeenabletoreadtheseeffusionstogether.TheneweditionmergespartsofAgainstMethodwithexcerptsfromScienceinaFreeSociety.Ihaveomittedmaterialnolongerofinterest
