固体推进剂用氧化剂防吸湿、防结块技术研究

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1、硕士论文固体推进剂用氧化剂防吸湿、防结块技术研究摘要二硝酰胺铵(ADN)由于具有能量高、不含卤素和化学稳定好等诸多良好性能，被认为是下一代低特征信号推进剂的候选氧化剂之一。而ADN的强吸湿性使得难以在固体推进剂中应用，因此对ADN进行表面改性处理以降低其吸湿性将非常有意义。本文采用液相包覆法和气相包覆法，选用多种材料对ADN粉体进行处理。实验表明，硬脂酸作为防潮剂，采用溶剂稀释液包覆法对ADN有明显的防吸湿作用，特别是在室温较高时更为显著。同时，依据盐桥作用造成超细高氯酸铵(AP)粉体结块的机理，提出用阻隔剂对超细AP进

2、行改性的防结块方法。实验证明，以双组分改性剂和分散载体结合的阻隔材料(颗粒)，经过干法粉碎工艺，可达到比较理想的效果。改性后的超细AP，在常温下和适当的密封条件下存放两个月，基本不结块。制成固体推进剂后，推进剂的力学性能和燃烧性能有明显提高，其它理化特性无明显变化。这种干式改性工艺，操作简便，效果明显，具有工业化推广应用的前景。关键词：二硝酰胺铵，超细高氯酸铵，表面改性，防吸湿，抗结块，固体推进剂硕士论文AbstractADNisonooft11ecandidateexcellentoxidersbeingusedint

3、henextgenerationlowsignaturepropellantsduetoitsmanynicepropertiesofhighenergy,non-halogen，goodchemicalstabilityandSO011．However,ADNisdifficulttobeappliedinthesolidpropellantsbecauseofitsreadilymoistureabsorptionofADN．Itwillbesignificanttoreducemoistureabsorptionv

4、iamodificationofthesurfaceofADNpowders．Inthispaper，ADNpowersmodifiedwimseveralmaterialsmeansofcoatinginliquid-phaseandgasphase,respectively．TheexperimentalresultsthestearicacidcouldbeusedinthemoistureproofofADNpowders，especiallyatthehi曲roomtemperature,ifthemethod

5、ofcoatinginliquid-phaseWasused．Atthesametime，theanti—agglomerationmethodofmodifyingthesurfaceofultrafineAPpowdersusingthebarrierswereproposedaccordingtothemechanismofagglomerationresultedfromthesaltbridgesformedbetweentheUFAPparticles．Theexperimentalresultsshowth

6、atthebarriergrains，includingthedual—componentmodifiersandthedispersingcarriers，couldbeusedintheanti-agglomerationofUFAPpowderswhenthebarriergrainsandAPweresimultaneouslyjetmilled．ThemodifiedUFAPcouldbestrongedwitllwinlanti-agglomerationfortowmonthsatroomtemperatu

7、reandunderthepowderssealingconditions．WhenthemodifiedUFAPwereusedinthesolidpropdlant,themechanicalpropertyandcombustionpropertyWereobviouslyimproved，whiletheotherphysicalandchemicalpropertieswerehardlyaffected．ThisdrymodificationofUFAPshouldbereadilyappliedintoth

8、eindustrialproductionbecauseitWassimplyaperatedandthegoodresultcouldbeobtained．Keywords：ADN，ultrafmeAP,modificationofsurface，anti-moistureabsorption,anti—agglo