资源描述：
《中口听力原文及解析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、沪江网校www.HJclass.com沪江英语绿宝书之2011年3月上海中级口译考试听力原文及解析SECTION1:LISTENINGTEST(45minutes)PartA:SpotDictationDirections:Inthispartofthetest,youwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewordorwordsyouhaveheardonthetape.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceiny
2、ourANSWERBOOKLET.RememberyouwillhearthepassageONLYONCE.Mytopicfortoday’slectureiscommunication,cultureandwork.Whenmostpeopleusethewordculture,theythinkofpeoplefromdifferentnationalbackgrounds.Nationalculturescertainlydoexistandtheyplayanimportantroleinshapingthewaypeoplecommunicate,butthe
3、reareotherdimensionsofculturetoo.Withinanation,regionaldifferencescanexertapowerfulinfluenceoncommunication.NewYorkersandAlaskansmayfindoneanother’sstylesofbehavingsodifferentthattheymightaswellbefromdifferentcountries.Raceandethnicitycanalsoshapebehavior.Socanage.Thecustoms,valuesandatti
4、tudesofatwenty-year-oldgirlmayvaryradicallyfromthoseofherparentswhowereraisedinthe1960sorhergrandparentswholivedthroughtheGreatDepressionandWorldWarⅡ.Still,otherdifferencescancreatedistinctivecultures.Gender,sexualorientation,physicaldisabilities,religionandsocio-economicbackgroundarejust
5、afew.Allofthesefactorsleadtoadefinitionofcultureasasetofvalues,beliefs,norms,customs,rulesandcodesthatleadpeopletodefinethemselvesasadistinctgroup,givingthemasenseofcommonality.It’simportanttorealizethatcultureislearned,notinnate.AKorean-borninfantadoptedsoonafterherbirthbyAmericanparents
6、andraisedintheUnitedStateswillthinkandactdifferentlythanhisorhercousinswhogrewupinSeoul.AnAfricanAmericanwhogrewupintheinnercitywillviewtheworlddifferentlythanheorshewouldifraisedinthesuburbsorinacountrylikeFrancewhereAfricanheritagehasdifferentsignificancethanitdoesintheUnitedStates.Then
7、ormsandvalueswelearnaspartofourculturalconditioningshapethewayweviewtheworldandthewayweinteractwithoneanother.Inshort,culturehassuchanoverwhelminginfluenceoncommunicationthatfamousanthropologistEdwardHallonceremarked,‘cultureiscommunicationandcommunicationisculture.
