资源描述:
《m2u1语法--现在完成时与现在完成进行时》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、现在完成时一.构成:have/has+动词的过去分词(done)被动结构:have/hasbeen+动词的过去分词(done)二.现在完成时的基本用法:1.表示过去发生的事或刚结束的动作对现在仍有影响或造成的结果。Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把灯关了。ThedisappearanceofJustinhasmadeKellyveryunhappy.(Justin在过去失踪,但是Kelly至今仍为他的失踪感到不高兴。)Thepolicehavejustfinishedsearchingthearea.
2、2.表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在(句中用延续性动词)。Hehaslivedheresince1995.自从1995年以来,他一直住在这儿。IhavenotseenJustinsincelastFridaynight.(从上周五晚上到现在一直都没有见过Justin)3.表示过去曾发生过一次或多次的行为,也可以表示一种经历。SomevillagerssaythattheyhaveseenUFOsmanytimes.三.常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:1.already(多用于肯定),yet(多用于否定、疑问),neve
3、r,ever,before,severaltimes,recently,lately,just(而justnow用一般过去时)等2.sofar,uptonow,howlong,for+时间段,since+时间点/时间段加ago/从句(从句用一般过去时),inthepast/last+时间段,bynow,bythistime,thesedays,alltheseyears,。请看如下高考题中完成时态与标志词之间的对应关系:1.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher,Ihavemetherseveraltime
4、s.2.-WhoisJerryCopper?-Haven’tyoumethimyet?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.3.-Howareyoutoday?-Oh,Ihaven’tfeltasillasIdonowforaverylongtime.4.IwonderwhyJennyhasn’twrittentousrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.5.Withtherapidgrowthofpopulation,thecityhas
5、spreadinalldirectionsinthepastfiveyears.[源:Z+xx+k.Com]6.Yearsagowedidn'tknowthis,butrecentsciencehasshownthatpeoplewhodon’tsleepwellsoongetill.7.Thecountrylifehewasusedtohaschangedsince1992.8.Wehaven’tseenhimsinceheleftNanjing.Wehaven'tseenhimfortwoyears/since20
6、02.9.Mybrotherisanactor.Hehasappearedinseveralfilmssofar.10.I’vemettheoldmansomewherebefore.注意:1.一些非延续性动词,如,arrive,teach,join,lose,fall,come,go,leave,buy等,其现在完成时形式不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如:他三年前买了一辆车。Hehasboughtacarforthreeyears.(误)Hehashadacarforthreeyears.(正)Hehasboug
7、htacar.(正)Heboughtacarthreeyearsago.(正)他两年前参了军。Hehasjoinedthearmyfortwoyears.(误)Hehasbeeninthearmyfortwoyears.(正)Hehasjoinedthearmy.(正)Hejoinedthearmytwoyearsago.(正)2.用于until,after,assoonas,if等引导的时间或条件状语从句中,用现在完成时代替将来完成时,强调动作的完成。如:Ican’tpromiseyouanythinguntilIh
8、avespokentothemanager.在和经理商谈之前,我不能向你承诺任何事情。Pleaseturnofftheelectricityafteryouhavefinishedtheexperiment.试验完成之后请关掉电源。3.现在完成时不与具体的过去时间短语及when连用Idon’tknowwhenhehasleft.(