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1、HistoryofUKHistoryofUKTheEarlySettlers(theprehistoricperiod)1.ThefirstknownsettlerofBritain:theIberians(伊比利亚人)fromMediterraneanareas.TheyinhabitedGreatBritainduringtheStone(--4000BC)andBronzeAges(4000BC—500BC).2.Atabout2000BCtheBeakerFolk毕克人arrivedfromtheareasnowknowna
2、sHollandandRhineland莱茵兰（位于德国）.StonehengeNearly5,000yearsago(3000BC),StonehengewasbuiltbytheIberians.Nowitisstillstanding.Thequestion“why”itisbuiltisproblematic.3.TheCelts凯尔特人(IronAge700BC-54AD)begantoarriveBritainabout700BC.TheycamefromterritorythatisnowGermanyandNethe
3、rlands.TheCeltscametoBritaininthreemainwaves.2.ThreeCelticTribesBytheendoftheBronzeAge,around700BC,CelticpeoplehadarrivedfromnorthwesternEurope,nowFrance,BelgiumandsouthernGermany.Celtsweretallinheight,blondeinhair&blueeyes,andsomewhataggressive.2.ThreeCelticTribesTheC
4、eltictribeswereancestorsoftheHighlandScots,theIrishandtheWelsh;Theirlanguages,theCelticlanguage,arethebasisofbothWelshandGaelic.2.ThreeCelticTribesTheycametoBritaininthreemainwaves:About750B.C,thefirsttribecamefromUpperRhinelandofnorthwestEuropeandsettledontheisland;Th
5、eywerethe“Gaels”(盖尔人),whoselanguageisstillspokeninScotland.2.ThreeCelticTribesAbout400B.C,thesecondgroupoftheCeltscalledBritons/Brythons(布立吞人/不列颠人)came.FromtheBritonscametheEnglishnameforBritain.About150B.C,thethirdgroup,Belgae(比利其人)camefromGaul(高卢，在今法国，比利时等地).TheRoman
6、Invasion&OccupationBetween55B.C.and54B.C,BritainwasinvadedbytheRomangeneralJuliusCaesartwicebuthefailed.In43A.D,theromantroopsof40,000menledbytheEmperorClaudiusconqueredBritain.TheyoccupiedEnglandandWalesfornearly400years.BritainbecameaprovinceofRomecalledBritannia.The
7、romantroopsmetstrongresistanceinScotland.Astonefortification(防御工事)wasbuiltbytheRomansalongtheEngland–Scotlandboundarytopreventmilitaryraids(攻击)fromScotland.ItistheHadrian’sWall(哈德良长城)(122AD).Hadrian’swallInfluenceofRomanConquestmarkedthebeginningofthewrittenhistorybuil
8、ttowns,temples,theatersandbuildings;builtroadsandcultivatedland;BuiltthefirsthighwaysinBritainduringthefirsttofourthc
