【5A文】托福独立写作开头段的写法.ppt

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1、独立写作开头段的写法SeptemberRequirementOG:Score5Anessayatthislevellargelyaccomplishesallofthefollowing:Effectivelyaddressthetopicandtask.Iswellorganizedandwelldeveloped,usingclearlyappropriateexplanations,exemplifications,and/ordetails.Displaysunity,progression,andcoherence.Displayscon

2、sistentfacilityintheuseoflanguage,demonstratingsyntacticvariety,appropriatewordchoice,andidiomatically,thoughitmayhaveminorlexicalorgrammaticalerrors.ParagraphIParaphrasetheargument改述原题(背景)Counterargument反方观点MainIdea发表自己的观点a.WhatthetopicisDisplaysconsistentfacilityintheuseofla

3、nguage,demonstratingsyntacticvariety,appropriatewordchoice.topic一般就在题目中；为体现句法的多样性和用词的准确性，不能照抄原题；需要对原题进行恰当而准确地改述，即paraphrase.Whatisparaphrase？Aparaphraseofsomethingwrittenorspokenisthesamethingexpressedinadifferentway.——《柯林斯英汉双解大辞典》e.gDoyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstateme

4、nt?Alwaystellingthetruthisthemostimportantconsiderationinanyrelationship.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Howtoparaphrasethetopic?形式与内容的严格对应词与词的替换；（synonym）词类替换；（word--phrase）词性替换（noun--verb,adjective--noun）2.意义的对应形式与内容的对应词与词的替换（synonym）133.Doyouagreeordisagree

5、withthefollowingstatement?Aperson'schildhoodyears(thetimefrombirthtotwelveyearsofage)arethemostimportantyearsofaperson'slife.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Brainstorming:aperson's--one's,someone'simportant--significant,momentousofaperson'slife--inone'slifetim

6、eParaphrase:One'schildhoodyearsarethemostsignificantyearsinhislifetime.词与词的替换（synonym）9.Somepeopleprefertoliveinasmalltown.Othersprefertoliveinabigcity.Whichplacewouldyouprefertolivein?Usespecificreasonsanddetailstosupportyouranswer.Brainstorming:prefertodosth--wouldratherdost

7、hlive--reside,dwellsmall--littlebigcity--metroplisParaphase:Somepeopleprefertoresideinasmalltown.Otherswouldratherliveinametroplis.词类替换b)word--phrase11.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Universitiesshouldgivethesameamountofmoneytotheirstudents'sportsactivitiesasthe

8、ygivetotheiruniversitylibraries.Usespecificreasonsandexamples