【5A文】Marine Boilers船用锅炉.pptx

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1、1.Boilersareusedonboardshipforproducingsteam.船上使用锅炉来产生蒸汽Thissteammaybeusedfordrivingthemainengines,Whensteamturbinesarefitted.当安装了蒸汽透平时，蒸汽可用来驱动主机Orfordrivingauxiliarymachinerysuchasthewindlass.或者用来驱动辅助机械，比如锚机Therearetwobasictypesofboilerinuseonboardships:船用锅炉有两种基本类型：thefiretubeboi

2、ler(theterms“smoketube”and“donkeyboiler”arealsoinuse),火管锅炉(也使用烟管锅炉和辅锅炉这两个术语)andthewatertubeboiler,bothareillustratedinFig.9-1.和水管锅炉。分别如图9-1所示。2.Nowifyoulookatthediagramofthefire-tubeboileryouwillseethatitconsistsofacylindricalsteelshell,whichcontainsafurnaceatthebottom.现在来看看火管锅炉的简

3、图，你会发现它由一个圆筒形的钢质外壳构成,底部有炉膛。Twoormorefurnacesmaybefitted,dependingonthesizeoftheboiler.Thefurnaceisconnectedtoacombustionchamber,situatedinthemiddlepartoftheboiler.根据锅炉尺寸的大小，可以安装两个以上的炉膛。炉膛和位于锅炉中间位置的燃烧室相连通。Leadingfromthiscombustionchambertoasmokeboxarealargenumberofhorizontaltubes.燃

4、烧室和烟箱之间有许多水平管道(烟管)someoftheseareusedforsupportingthemiddlesectionoftheboilerandthecombustionchamber.Connectedtothesmokeboxaretheuptakesforthewastegases.Thefurnace,thecombustionchamberandthetubesareallsurroundedbywater.一部分烟管用来支撑锅炉中部和燃烧室。与烟箱相连的是废气的上升通道。炉膛，燃烧室和(烟)管都被水环绕着3.Thefire-tub

5、eboilerisusuallyofbothrivetedandweldedconstruction.Itisstrongandiscapableofoperatingwithpoorqualityfeedwater.火管锅炉通常是铆接和焊接结构。其结构坚固，并能使用劣质给水工作。Buttherearemoreefficienttypesofboiler,whichcangeneratemorepower;thereforefire-tubeboilersarenowmainlychosenforlow-pressuresteamproductiononv

6、esselsrequiringsteamforauxiliarypurposes但是，有些类型的锅炉效率更高，能产生更多的蒸汽；因此，火管锅炉现在主要被用来提供低压蒸汽给需要的辅助场合(目的)的船舶。4.Water-tubeboilerhavereplacedfire-tubeboilersforgeneratinghigh-pressure,high-temperature,high-capacitysteamformainenginesorcargopumpturbines.水管锅炉已经代替了火管锅炉来产生高压、高温、大量的蒸汽，以驱动主机或者货油泵的

7、透平。Fromthediagramyouwillseethattheyhaveasteamdrumatthetop,whichispartlyfilledwithwater,andwaterdrumsatalowerlevel.Thesedrumsareconnectedbybanksoftubes,whichalsocontainwater.从图上可以看到，水管锅炉顶部有一个汽鼓，部分有水，且下部有多个水鼓。这些汽鼓和水鼓通过管束相连，管内也有水。Thefurnaceislocatedatthebottomandthewholesystemisconta

8、inedinafireproofcasing.Downcomert