资源描述：
《学习政治经济学及赋税原理(四)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、大卫·李嘉图作品选政治经济学及赋税原理(四)[英]大卫·李嘉图著辽宁电子图书有限责任公司[英]大卫·李嘉图辽宁电子图书有限责任公司120千字2002年12月第1版2002年12月第1次印刷ISBN：L-YY-0244F820.2定价：5元Chapter28OntheComparativeValueofgold,Corn,andLabour,inRichandPoorCountries'Goldandsilver,likeallothercommodities,'saysAdamSmith,'naturallyseekthemarketwhe
2、rethebestpriceisgivenforthem;andthebestpriceiscommonlygivenforeverythinginthecountrywhichcanbestaffordit.Labour,itmustberemembered,istheultimatepricewhichispaidforeverything;andincountrieswherelabourisequallywellrewarded,themoneypriceoflabourwillbeinproportiontothatofthesub
3、sistenceofthelabourer.Butgoldandsilverwillnaturallyexchangeforagreaterquantityofsubstanceinarichthaninapoorcountry;inacountrywhichaboundswithsubsistence,thaninonewhichisbutindifferentlysuppliedwithit.'Butcornisacommodity,aswellasgold,silver,andotherthings;ifallcommodities,t
4、herefore,haveahighexchangeablevalueinarichcountry,cornmustnotbeexcepted;andhencewemightcorrectlysay,thatcornexchangedforagreatdealofmoney,becauseitwasdear,andthatmoney,too,exchangedforagreatdealofcorn,becausethatalsowasdear;whichistoassertthatcornisdearandcheapatthesametime
5、.Nopointinpoliticaleconomycanbebetterestablished,thanthatarichcountryispreventedfromincreasinginpopulation,inthesameratioasapoorcountry,bytheprogressivedifficultyofprovidingfood.Thatdifficultymustnecessarilyraisetherelativepriceoffood,andgiveencouragementtoitsimportation.Ho
6、wthencanmoney,orgoldandsilver,exchangeformorecorninrich,thaninpoorcountries?Itisonlyinrichcountries,wherecornisdear,thatlandholdersinducethelegislaturetoprohibittheimportationofcorn.WhoeverheardofalawtopreventtheimportationofrawproduceinAmericaorPoland?-Naturehaseffectually
7、precludeditsimportationbythecomparativefacilityofitsproductioninthosecountries.1How,then,canitbetrue,that'ifyouexceptcorn,andsuchothervegetables,asareraisedaltogetherbyhumanindustry,allothersortsofrudeproduce-cattle,poultry,gameofallkinds,theusefulfossilsandmineralsoftheear
8、th,&c.,naturallygrowdearerasthesocietyadvances.'Whyshouldcornandvegetablesalonebee
