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1、LWBK823-C04_p55-72:LWBK823-C04_p55-72.qxd3/10/1111:42AMPage55SynopsisofFunctionalComponents,Tracts,Pathways,andSystems:ExamplesinAnatomicalandClinicalOrientation4455Meninges,Cisterns,Ventricles,andRelatedHemorrhages55LWBK823-C04_p55-72:LWBK823-C04_p55-72.qxd3/10/1111:42AMP
2、age56564:Meninges,Cisterns,Ventricles,andRelatedHemorrhages—TheMeningesandMeningealandBrainHemorrhagesTable4-1ComparisonofCerebralVersusSpinalMeningesCEREBRALSPINALDuraDura•Adherenttoinnertableofskull(noepiduralspace)•Separatedfromvertebraebyepiduralspace•Composedoftwofuse
3、dlayers(periostealandmeningeal),•Composedofonelayer(spinalduraonly;vertebraehavetheirwhichsplittoformsinusesownperiosteum)Arachnoid(outerpartofleptomeninges)Arachnoid(outerpartofleptomeninges)•Attachedtodurainlivingcondition(nosubduralspace)•Attachedtodurainlivingcondition
4、(nosubduralspace)•Arachnoidvilli(insuperiorsagittalsinus)•Noarachnoidvilli•Arachnoidtrabeculae•Fewornoarachnoidtrabeculaebutlargerarachnoidseptae•Subarachnoidspacewithmanycisterns•SubarachnoidspacewithonecisternPia(innerpartofleptomeninges)Pia(innerpartofleptomeninges)•Int
5、imatelyadherenttosurfaceofbrain•Intimatelyadherenttosurfaceofcord•Nopialspecializations•Specializationsintheformofdenticulateligaments,filum•Followsvesselsastheypiercethecerebralcortexterminale,andlineasplendens•Followsvesselsastheypiercethecord■Meningitis,MeningealHemorrh
6、ages,amisnomerbecausetheextravasatedbloodactuallydissectsthroughaspecialized,yetstructurallyweak,celllayeratthedura–arachnoidandMeningioma■interface;thisistheduralbordercelllayer.Thereisnopre-existing“subduralspace”inthenormalbrain.Acutesubduralhematomas,Awidevarietyofdise
7、aseprocessesandlesionsmayinvolvethemorecommonlyseeninyoungerpatients,usuallyaredetectedimme-meninges;onlyafewexamplesarementionedhere.diatelyorwithinafewhoursaftertheprecipitatingincident.ChronicInfectionsofthemeninges(bacterialmeningitis)maybecalledlep-subduralhematomas,u
8、suallyseenintheelderly,arefrequentlyoftomeningitisbecausethecausativeorganismslocalizetot
