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1、Unite5Partone12345678910CDBCBDBBCAParttwo123456789ACDBAACDAPartthree12345678910DBBBCDBBAA1112131415ABBBDPartfourThemilitaryaspectoftheUnitedStatesCivilWarhasalwaysattractedthemostattentionfromscholars.Theroarof(1)gunfire,themassedmovementsof(2)uniforme
2、dmen,theshrillofbugles,andthedramaofhandtohandcombathave(3)facinatedstudentsofwarfareforacentury.Behindthe(4)lines,however,lifewaslessspectacular.Itwasthestoryof(5)backbreakinglabortoprovidethefightingmenwithfoodandarms,ofnervetinglinguncertaintyaboutt
3、hecourseofnationalevents,of(6)heartbreakoversonsorbrothersorhusbandslostin(7)battle.Ifthemenonthefiringlinewonthevictories,the(8)meanstothosevictorieswereforgedonthehomefront.(9)Neverinthenation'shistoryhadAmericansworkedharderforvictorythanintheCivilW
4、ar.NorthernersandSouthernersalikethrewthemselvesintothetaskofsupplyingtheirrespectivearmies.Bothgovernmentsmadetremendousdemandsuponciviliansand,ingeneral,receivedwillingcooperations.By1863theNorthernwareconomywasrumblingalonginhighgear.Everythingfroms
5、teamboatstoshovelswasneededandproduced.DeniedSoutherncotton,textilemillsturnedtowoolforblanketsanduniforms.Hidesbythehundredsofthousandswereturnedintoshoesandharnessandsaddles;ironworksmanufacturedlocomotives,ordnance,armorplate.Whereprivateenterprisel
6、agged,thegovernmentsetupitsownfactoriesorarsenals.(10)Agricultureboomed,withmachinerydoingthejoboffarmworkerswhohavebeendrawnintothearmy.Inshort,everythingthatanationneededtofightamodernwarwasproducedinuncountednumbers.Inevitablytherewereprofiteerswith
7、goldheadedcanesandflamboyantdiamondstickpins,butforeverycrookedtycoontherewerethousandsofordinarycitizens(11)livingonfixedincomeswhodidtheirbesttocopewithrisingpricesandstillmakeacontributiontothewareffort.Thosewhocouldboughtwarbonds;othersknitted,sewe
8、d,nursed,orlentanyotherassistanceintheirpowerSomepessimistichistoriansthinkthewholesocietyofmanrunsincyclesandthatoneofthephasesiswar.The(12)optimists,ontheotherhand,thinkwarisnotlikean(13)eclipse(日食)orafloodoraspellofbadweather.Theybel