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1、魁蚶(Scapharcabroughtonii)四个地理群体遗传结构的RAPD分析1,21111梁超,杨爱国,刘志鸿,周丽青,吴彪（1农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室，中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，山东青岛266071；2.上海海洋大学水产与生命学院，上海200090）摘要：应用RAPD标记技术对魁蚶(Scapharcabroughtonii)一个韩国群体与三个中国群体的遗传多样性进行RAPD分析。对四个群体133个个体进行扩增，共检测到171个位点，其中多态性位点为167个，四个群体的多态性位点比例：韩国群体为86.55%
2、、黄岛群体为90.06%、蓬莱群体为85.96%、前三岛群体为89.47%；四个群体Shannon’s多样性指数为0.4599±0.2323～0.4913±0.2136，Nei’s多样性指数为0.3083±0.1707～0.3310±0.1992，表明四个群体遗传多态性较高；四个群体遗传分化指数在0.0058～0.1214之间，其中韩国与中国的三个群体分化明显，说明韩国与中国三个群体的遗传结构差异较大，黄岛群体与前三岛群体间的遗传分化最小。基于四个群体Nei’s遗传距离的UPGMA聚类分析显示，黄岛群体与前三岛群体最先聚类，两群体间距离最
3、短，再与蓬莱群体聚类，最后与韩国群体聚类。这些数据可为魁蚶的种质资源的合理开发和保护及遗传改良提供科学依据。关键词：魁蚶；遗传多样性；RAPD；RAPDAnalysisofgeneticvariationsinfourgeographicalpopulationsofScaphareabroughtonii1,21111LIANGChaoYANGAi-guoLIUZhi-hongZHOULi-qingWUBiao1(KeyLaboratoryforSustainableUtilizationofMarineFisheriesResourc
4、es,MinistryofAgriculture,YellowSeaFisheriesResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofFisherySciences,Qingdao266071)2(CollegeofFisheriesandLifeScience,ShanghaiOceanUniversity,200090)ABSTRACTRAPDtechnologywasusedtoanalyzethegeneticvariationsandgeneticstructureinfourgeographicalpopu
5、lationsofScaphareabroughtoniifromKoreaandChina.171lociweredetectedinthefourpopulationsthrough25randomprimers,and167oftheselociwerepolymorphic.Theresultsindicatedthatthegeneticdiversityofthefourpopulationswasrich.TheShannon’sindexrangedfrom0.460±0.232to0.491±0.214,andtheNe
6、i’sgeneticdiversityindexrangedfrom0.308±0.171to0.331±0.199.GstvaluesshowedthattherearesignificantgeneticdifferentiationbetweenKoreanpopulationandthethreeChinesepopulations.TheUPGMAdendrogramoffourS.broughtoniipopulationsbasedonNei’s(1972)geneticdistanceshowedthatHuangdaoa
7、ndQiansandaopopulationsclusteredfirst,thenclusteredwiththePenglaipopulation,beforefurtherclusteredwiththeKoreanpopulation.TheUPGMAdendrogramgaveacleardivisionbetweentheKoreanandChinesepopulations.TheinformationofthegeneticvariationanddifferentiationamongfourS.broughtoniig
8、eographicalpopulationscanbeusefulforconservationofS.broughtoniistocksandfuturegeneticimprovement
