二、名词后缀及其意义

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1、常见名词后缀及其意义1)–age状态；集合marriage;shortage;teenage2)–al动作；性质；状态signal;arrival;withdrawal;approval;refusal;revival（复兴）;renewal（更新）;3)–an人；语American;Russian;Italian;African4)–ance性质；状态；动作importance;appearance;acceptance5)–ant,ent人assistant;defendant（被告）;st

2、udent;merchant6)–ate职务；动作涉及对象；…盐酸doctorate（博士头衔）;consulate（领事职位/任期）;electorate（全体选民）;legate（使节/者）;precipitate（沉淀物）;sulphate（硫酸盐）；7)–ation/ition动作preparation;competition;repetition8)–cide杀insecticide;suicide9)–cracy统治democracy;aristocracy;bureaucracy1

3、0)–craft技巧；工艺；飞行器handicraft;aircraft11)–dom状态；领域kingdom;freedom;wisdom12)–ee（被动）人employee;absentee;trainee13)–eer人engineer;volunteer;mountaineer14)–ence/ency（抽象n.）currency;dependence;excellence;frequency;consequency15)–er人；机器fighter;thinker;writer;wa

4、sher;harvester;16)–ese人；语Chinese;Japanese;Hunanese;Viennese;Vietnamese17)–ess女性actress;princess;goddess;shepherdess;tailoress18)–ette小；女性；cigarette;kitchenette;dinette;usherette19)–ful量handful;armful;mouthful;spoonful;20)–graph书写；录telegraph;photograp

5、h21)–hood身份；境遇；状态childhood;livelihood（生计）;likelihood;neighborhood22)–ian人Christian;guardian;musician;technician23)–ice抽象n.justice;service24)–ing物体；概念building;feeling;painting;wedding25)–ion抽象n.expansion;discussion;decision26)–ism主义；教feudalism;Buddhis

6、m;imperialism27)–ist主义者；人artist;socialist;communist28)–ity抽象n.possibility;capability;equality29)–let小…booklet;streamlet;leaflet;bracelet30)–ling小…（有时有轻蔑之义）duckling;sapling（幼苗、树苗）31)–logy学科geology（地质学）;philology（语言学）;biology;psychology;32)–man人postman

7、;countryman;Frenchman33)–ment运动；结果judgment;government;movement;payment34)–ness状态；性质tiredness;correctness;carefulness;35)–or人；机器tractor;accelerator;editor;inventor36)–ry/ery行为；工作；地质；工作地点；货物种类；境遇bravery;nursery;cookery（烹调）;drapery（布匹、绸缎）;slavery;minist

8、ry（部）;peasantry农民（总称）37)–ship状态；身份sportsmanship;hardship;friendship;apprenticeship;kingship;leadership38)–sion动作；状态tension;revision;39)–th结果；过程truth;depth;wealth;health;40)–tion动作；状态attention;action41)–ty抽象n.cruelty;specialty;loyalty;certainty42)–ure