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1、2018年9月农业机械学报第49卷第9期doi:10.6041/j.issn.1000鄄1298.2018.09.012残膜回收型全膜覆土垄播马铃薯挖掘机设计与试验孙摇伟摇王虎存摇赵武云摇张摇华摇刘小龙摇吴建民(甘肃农业大学机电工程学院,兰州730070)摘要:针对西北黄土高原旱区地膜全域覆盖、种行覆土垄播马铃薯机械化收获易堵塞、分离效果差、可靠性低、残膜污染等问题,设计了残膜回收型全膜覆土垄播马铃薯挖掘机,一次性完成排堵挖掘、薯土分离、薯膜分离、集薯铺条、膜秧分离和残膜回收等工序。通过理论分析和数值仿真,对仿生挖掘装置、曲柄摇杆防堵机构、薯
2、土分离装置、薯膜分离装置、膜秧分离及残膜回收装置等关键部件进行解析和结构优化,确定了性能参数。田间试验表明:明薯2率为97郾4%,伤薯率为1郾3%,破皮率为1郾8%,残膜回收率为87郾5%,生产率为0郾17hm/h,各项指标均满足国家及行业标准要求。关键词:马铃薯挖掘机;防堵机构;残膜回收+中图分类号:S225郾71文献标识码:A文章编号:1000鄄1298(2018)09鄄0105鄄10DesignandExperimentofPotatoDiggerwithWasteFilmRecollectionforCompleteFilmMulch
3、ing,SoilCoveringandRidgeSowingPatternSUNWei摇WANGHucun摇ZHAOWuyun摇ZHANGHua摇LIUXiaolong摇WUJianmin(CollegeofMechanicalandElectricalEngineering,GansuAgriculturalUniversity,Lanzhou730070,China)Abstract:Inrecentyears,furrow鄄ridgepotatocultivationwithglobalplasticfilmmulchingtechno
4、logyiswidelyusedinthesemi鄄aridareasoftheLoessPlateau,thiskindofcultivationmodeisfavorableformechanicalplanting,butthedifficultyofmachineharvestisincreased.Inordertosolvetheproblemsofblockageintheprocessofdigging,poorseparationeffect,lowreliabilityandwhitepollutionforthecomp
5、letefilmmulching,plantinglinecoveringandridgesowingpatterninthedrylandofnorthwesternChineseLoessPlateau,apotatodiggerwithwastefilmrecollectionwasdesigned,whichcancompletetheanti鄄blockingdigging,potatoseparatingfromsoilandfilm,potatocollectionandstriping,disconnectingthefilm
6、awayfromtheresidueseedlingsandthewastefilmrecollectioninoneprocess.Bytheoreticalanalysisandnumericalsimulation,thecrucialparts,suchasbionicdiggingdevice,anti鄄blockingcrankrockermechanism,potatoandsoilseparationdevice,potatoandfilmpartitiondevice,residueseedlingsandfilmdisco
7、nnectiondevice,thewastefilmrecollectioncomponentsaswellasotherswereanalyzedandoptimized,andthentheperformanceparametersweredetermined.Fieldexperimentsshowedthatthepotatoexposureratewas97郾4%,thepotatoinjuryratewas1郾3%,thepotatoskindamagewas1郾8%,2thewastefilmrecollectionratew
8、as87郾5%,andtheproductivitycangetto0郾17hm/h,alltheindexofthepotatodiggerwithwastefi
