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1、智课网TOEFL备考资料托福阅读机经背景文化类：相由心生Ifyouexhibitpositivetraitssuchashonestyandhelpfulness,thechancesarethatyouwillbeperceivedasagoodlookingperson,foranewstudyhasfoundthattheperceptionofphysicalattractivenessisinfluencedbyaperson'spersonality.Thestudy,ledbyGaryW.Lewan
2、dowski,Jr,foundthatpeoplewhoexhibitnegativetraits,suchasunfairnessandrudeness,appeartobelessphysicallyattractivetoobservers.Inthestudy,theparticipantsviewedphotographsofopposite-sexindividualsandratedthemforattractivenessbeforeandafterbeingprovidedwithinforma
3、tiononpersonalitytraits.Afterpersonalityinformationwasreceived,participantsalsoratedthedesirabilityofeachindividualasafriendandasadatingpartner.Informationonpersonalitywasfoundtosignificantlyalterperceiveddesirability,showingthatcognitiveprocessesmodifyjudgme
4、ntsofattractiveness."Perceivingapersonashavingadesirablepersonalitymakesthepersonmoresuitableingeneralasacloserelationshippartnerofanykind,"saidLewandowski.Thefindingsshowthatapositivepersonalityleadstogreaterdesirabilityasafriend,whichleadstogreaterdesirabil
5、ityasaromanticpartnerand,ultimately,tobeingviewedasmorephysicallyattractive.Thefindingsremainedconsistentregardlessofhow"attractive"theindividualwasinitiallyperceivedtobe,oroftheparticipants'currentrelationshipstatusorcommitmentlevelwithapartner.Whatwouldyout
6、hinkofthislady'sphysicalattractivenessifsheexhibitedbadpersonaltraits?"Thisresearchprovidesamorepositivealternativebyremindingpeoplethatpersonalitygoesalongwaytowarddeterminingyourattractiveness;itcanevenchangepeople'simpressionsofhowgoodlookingyouare,"saidLe
7、wandowski.如果你表现出诚实和乐于助人等美好品质，那么别人会觉得你的外表也很迷人。一项最新研究发现，一个人的性格会影响别人对他或她的外表吸引力的看法。该项由盖里•W•勒万多维斯基负责的研究发现，人们认为，表现出不诚实和粗鲁等恶劣品质的人外表也不够吸引人。研究对象首先观看了一组异性的照片，随后分别在得知照片中人物的性格特点之前和之后给他们的外表评分。研究对象在得知照片中人物的性格特点后，还对与其中每个人交朋友或做恋人的期望值进行了评分。研究人员发现，有关人物性格特点的信息大大改变了之前的喜好度评分，研究对象
8、的认知过程改变了他们对照片中人物外表的评价。勒万多维斯基说：“总的来说，如果人们认为一个人的性格较好，那么他们会觉得无论与这个人做朋友还是做恋人都更合适。”研究结果表明，人们更期望与性格较好的人交朋友、成为恋人，从而会认为他们的外表更迷人。无论照片中人物给人的“第一印象”怎样、或者研究对象目前的情感关系状况以及与伴侣的亲密程度如何，研究结果都是一致的。勒万多维斯基说：“该
