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1、摘要改革开放以来处于新旧体制夹缝中的乡镇政权在实践运行中面临机构膨胀职能错位权小责大形象工程等诸多困境乡镇政权运行失范不仅影响了农村经济的发展而且导致干群关系紧张乡镇政权陷入运行困境的直接原因也许是多方面的但是深入分析便会发现是体制上的原因即在计划经济时代形成的延伸扩张的压力体制自上而下的干部任命体制条块分割的管理体制由于我国乡镇政权运行失范并最终陷入困境的根源所在是体制因此我国乡镇政权要走出困境不可能一蹴而就必须进行系统的制度体制创新从我国经济社会长远的发展趋向考量我国农村走向自治式民主是必然的选择但考虑到目前乡村社会自组织能力不高的现状和种种因素的限制我国农村在短期内还离不开国家政权的治
2、理和主导基于这一基本的判断本文认为我国乡镇政权走出困境的制度演变路径必须梯度式地分为三个阶段第一阶段通过精简机构转变职能理顺体制依法行政等手段规范乡镇政权的治理行为缓和干群关系维护农村社会稳定第二阶段着眼于培养乡村社会和农民的自组织能力推进乡镇管理的民主化构建一个相对和谐的乡村社会秩序第三阶段随着乡村社会的发展和农民自组织能力的不断提高国家在农村设置的乡镇政权结束使命可予以撤销实行完全的乡镇自治关键词乡镇政权运行困境出路罗田凤山IAbstractSincereformandopening-up,thevillagesandtownsregimeofourcountryinthenewando
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