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1、摘要本课题主要设计一个基于Atmega16的家用心电监测仪的研究设计。根据人体心电信号的特征,设计心电信号采集系统,完成实时心电监测的功能。本系统通过硬件电路实现了对心电信号实时的采集和处理,并将模拟的心电信号转换成数字信号送入主控单元,从而实现了心电信息的实时显示、存储、打印、报警等功能。本设计选用具有低功耗的16位单片机Atmega16作为中央处理系统,通过心电传感器,从人体连续取得心电信号,经过专门的信号处理电路进行处理后送入中央处理系统,中央处理系统通过分析、处理,检测出病人的心电信号,并与正常的心电信号比较,对采集的心电信号进行实时分析、检测及记录,并选取大
2、容量Flash存储器对采集处理后的心电信号进行存储。同时,监测仪带有液晶显示器,能实时显示所检测的心电信号。当病人出现紧急的心电症状时,其特有的报警功能可以及时的发出报警,便于及时的对病人进行救治。该系统还可以打印出心电波形供医务人员分析病情时参考,及时准确的采取治疗措施,制定治疗方案。该监测仪能长期、连续、可靠、稳定的工作,同时还具有体积小、存储容量大、功耗低、实时显示等特点,便于随身携带,使用方便,操作简单。关键词心电监测心电监测仪心电传感器信号处理电路46Title:ThedesignofhouseholdECGmonitorAbstractThetopicsm
3、ainlybasedAtmega16householdECGmonitorresearchanddesign.AccordingtothecharacteristicsofthehumanECG,designECGacquisitionsystem,inreal-timeECGmonitoringfunction.Thissystemhasrealizedthroughthehardwarecircuittoheartsignalreal-timegatheringandprocessing,andwillsimulatetheheartsignaltransform
4、sthedigitalsignaltosendinthemastercontrolunit,thushasrealizedthefunctionofheartinformation'srealtimedisplay,memory,printing,alarming,etc.Thisdesignusesalow-power16-bitmicrocontrollerAtmega16asthecentralprocessingsystem,throughECGsensor,fromthehumanbodytoobtainacontinuousECGsignal,byaded
5、icatedsignalprocessingcircuitafterbeingfedintothecentralprocessingsystem,thecentralsystemanalysis,processingtodetectthepatient'sECGsignal,bycomparisonwithanormalECG,toachievereal-timedetection,analysis,selectedrecords,selectahigh-capacityFlashmemorytostoretheacquisitionoftheECG.Atthesam
6、etime,themonitorswithaLCDmonitor,beabletoreal-timedisplayECGsignal.WhenapatienthaveaemergencyECGsymptoms,itsuniquealarmfunctioncantriggeratimelywarningandtreatmentofpatientstimely.ThesystemcanalsoprintoutECGwaveformtoprovidereferenceformedicalpersonnel,andtimelyandaccurateimplementation
7、oftherapeuticmeasurestoestablishtreatmentprograms.Notonlythat,thekeyofsystemdesignmakeoperationsimpleandfaster.Themonitorcanlong-term,continuous,reliable,stablejob,andhasasmallsize,largestoragecapacity,lowpowerconsumption,real-timedisplayandotherfeatures,easytocarry,easytouse,e