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1、摘要为了探讨兴安落叶松林下土壤理化性质的规律性,本文以大兴安岭地区现有的七种不同森林类型为研究对象,通过对大兴安岭兴安落叶松林中土壤腐殖质层、沉淀层和不同的林型物理化学性质分析、总结,归纳。应用土壤农化分析的常规方法对各林分类型的土壤吸湿水、容重、饱和导水率、含水量、PH值、总N、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾、速效钾、有机质含量进行测定并比较分析。结果表明:①吸湿水含量3是7.00~31.00%;容重含量是0.56~0.73g/cm;饱和导水率是3.79~6.38cm/s;土壤含水量含量是32.33~196.67%。②腐殖质层ph范围在4.34~6.73之间,
2、全氮含量在4.04~16.09g/kg之间,碱解氮在0.62~1.01mg/kg之间,全磷在0.99~2.08g/kg之间,速效磷在103.63~426.92mg/kg之间,全钾含量在9.70~16.15g/kg之间,速效钾含量在103.63~426.92mg/kg之间,有机质在226.07~710.49g/kg之间;③饱和导水率、总氮、速效氮、全磷、速效钾和有机质水平基本表现为腐殖质层大于沉淀层,其余则相反。变系数则表现为腐殖质层小于沉淀层。④吸湿水在真藓中含量最高,达到45%,容重在杜香中最高,饱和导水率草类最大,含水量真藓最高,PH值杜香酸性最强,总氮
3、和碱解氮赤杨含量最高,全磷和速效磷则柴桦含量最高,全钾和速效钾则柴最高,有机质杜香含量水平最高。关键词:兴安落叶松林;土壤物理性质;土壤化学性质;林型;腐殖质层;淀积层StudyonSoilphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofDahurianLarchForestAbstractToinvestigatethesoilphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofLarixgmeliniforest,thispaperselectedsevendifferentregionsoftheexistingLarixgme
4、liniforesttypesastheresearchobject,Thesoilhumus,sedimentlayersanddifferentphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofforestwasanalyzedandsummarized.Applicationoftheconventionalanalysismethodstoinvestigatechangesofthesoilmoisturewater,bulkdensity,saturatedhydraulicconductivity,watercontent,pHva
5、lue,totalN,availablenitrogen,totalphosphorus,availablephosphorus,totalpotassium,availablepotassiumandorganicmattercontentofvariousforesttypes.Theresultsshowedthat:①Hygroscopicwatercontentwas37.00~31.00%;bulkdensitywas0.56~0.73g/cm;saturatedhydraulicconductivitywas3.79~6.38cm/s;wate
6、rcontentwas32.33~196.67%.②pHvaluewas4.34~6.73,totalnitrogenwas4.04~16.09g/kg,availablenitrogenwas0.62~1.01mg/kg,totalphosphoruswas0.99~2.08g/kg,availablephosphoruswas103.63~426.92mg/kg,totalpotassiumwas9.70~16.15g/kg,availablepotassiumwas103.63~426.92mg/kg,theorganicmatterwas226.07
7、~710.49g/kg.③Saturatedhydraulicconductivity,totalnitrogen,availablenitrogen,totalphosphorus,potassiumandorganicmatterofhumuslayerwashigherthantheprecipitationlayer,othershadoppositetrend.Coefficientofvariationinthehumuslayerislessthanprecipitation.④Mossmoisturecontentofwaterintypeg
8、enusofthebryaceaewashighes