微波谐振式动态称重传感器的理论-研究与仿真设计

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1、摘要随着超载问题的日益突出，国际交通管理部门对所运输车辆的负荷载重管理要求越来越高，不仅要求计量准确而且要求操作流程简单、高效、迅速。目前国内外所用的称重传感器大致可分为：弯板式、秤台式、压变电容式等，它们均通过测量来自车辆轮胎的动态压力来间接得到车辆负载，通常将应力和应变作为间接测量值，这些称重传感器测量精度低且成本高，适用范围有限制。针对目前国内动态称重传感器的问题，本文提出一种基于谐振腔微扰理论的微波动态称重传感器，并对其结构参数进行了设计与仿真。该传感器探头部分主要由圆柱形谐振腔管与激励探针组成。首先对圆柱谐振腔的腔体和微扰理论做了

2、研究，并根据理论计算对圆柱腔的尺寸、模式和求解频率做了相应合理的设计；然后根据理论计算设计的微波传感器通过电磁仿真软件HFSS和CST进行电磁仿真，得到与理论计算相吻合的仿真结果；最后由理论计算和仿真优化得到的参数设计出一种微波动态称重传感器探头，并对其进行了线性及一致性测量，实验结果证明了理论计算的准确性以及所设计的动态称重传感器的线性、一致性和精确性。该微波动态称重传感器的设计可解决现有动态称重传感器测量精度不高、适用局限性等因素导致称重结果不准确问题。关键字：谐振腔，微波传感器，动态称重，微扰法IAbstractWiththeover

3、loadproblemincreasinglyprominent,therequirementofinternationaltrafficmanagementdepartmentonthetransportationvehiclesloadmanagementisbecominghigherandhigher.Itrequiresnotonlyaccuratemeasurementbutalsosimplifiedandefficientoperationprocess.Currentlythereareseveralcommonusedw

4、eighingsensorsinclude:bendingplate,loadcell,piezoelectricsensor,etc.Allofthemgetthevehicleloadbymeasuringthedynamicpressurefromvehicletire.Theyusuallytreatstressandstrainasindirectmeasurementparameters.Theseweighingsensorsusuallyhavelowmeasurementprecision,highcostandlimit

5、edapplication.ConsideringthedisadvantagesandlimitationofexistingWeigh-in-motion(WIM)sensors,anovelWIMsensorbasedonmicrowavecavityperturbationtheoryisproposedinthepaper.Theoreticalcalculationandnumericalsimulationarecarriedouttovalidatethedesign.Theexcitationpartofthesensor

6、ismainlycomposedofacylindricalcavitytubeandincentiveprobe.Firstly,thecylindricalcavityperturbationtheoryisthoroughlystudied,andtheresonatorparametersincludingcavitydimension,propagationmodeandworkingfrequencyaretheoreticallycalculated;Secondly,sufficientnumericalsimulation

7、byelectromagneticsoftware(HFSSandCST)arecarriedouttoverifythecalculation,andthesimulationresultsagreewellwiththetheoreticalresults;Finally,anoptimizedmicrowaveWIMsensorsystemisrealizedandthemeasurementsinlaboratoryvalidatethelinearityanduniformity.Thedesignofthenovelmicrow

8、aveWIMsensorcanhopefullyresolvetheweighingaccuracyproblemandutilizinglimitationofexisting