资源描述：
《初中被动语态讲解》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、被动语态一．概念：英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态(TheActiveVoice)与被动语态（ThePassiveVoice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。例：1.TheymaketrainsinXi’an.>>TrainsaremadeinXi’anbythem.2.XmbeatsXxeveyday.>>XxisbeatenbyXmeveryday.二．构成be+done(p.p.--及物动词的过去分词）一般现在时——am／is／are+v.p.p.一般过去时——was／were+v.p.
2、p.一般将来时——willbe／begoingtobe+v.p.p.过去将来时——wouldbe/was,weregoingtobe+v.p.p现在进行时——am/is/arebeing+v.p.p.过去进行时——was/werebeing+v.p.p.现在完成时——have/has+been+v.p.p情态动词——aux.v.(must／can／could／may…)+be+v.p.p.三．被动语态的使用1.当我们不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时；例：1.Hiscarwasstolenlastnight.2.Bask
3、etballisplayedinmostcountries.2.动作的承受者是谈话的中心（常由by引起）例：1.Alotofarticles(that)wehavelearnedwerewrittenbyLuXun.四．不用被动语态的情况1.某些及物动词+adv表主动，特别是后加副词（如well，easily等）时。主动语态有被动含义，这类动词常见的有sell，write，wear，wash，photograph,clean,cook,cut例：1.Thisbooksellswell.2.Yourpenwritesreall
4、ywell/smoothly.3.Thisdress(that)mymomboughtformewearswell4.Shedoesnotphotographwell.5.Thecheesedoesn’tcuteasily.It’stoosoft.句子是主谓结构时，不用被动语态。常见的谓语动词有：happen,takeplace,(dis)appear,rise,breakout,comeabout,cometrue,comeout,runout,turnout例：1.Atrafficaccidenthappenedjust
5、now.2.Greatchangesaretakingplaceinmyhometown.3.Hedisappears.4.Whenagaypersoncomesout,theyletpeopleknowthatheisagay.3.连系动词无被动：感官系动词：look、feel、sound、smell、taste“表变化的系动词”：become、grow、turn、fall、get“表保持的系动词”：keep,reamain,stay④prove+形容词，名词或不定式五．注意1.使役动词(make,have,let)和感官
6、动词(see,watch,notice,hear,find)后跟省略了to的动词不定式,但在被动语态中必须还原to。例：1.Wenoticedastrangerentertheclassroom.>>Astrangerwasnoticedtoentertheclassroom.1.Wehearedhimsingthatmorning.>>Hewashearedtosingthatmorning.2.Theyfoundhimstealanecklacefromashop.>>Hewasfoundtostealanecklace
7、from...注意：这些感官动词在中考中会出现其后跟doing的备选项，其意义为“看到，听到，发现，注意到某人正在做某事）2.含双宾语的被动语态：直接宾语（物）和间接宾语（人）主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；例：1.Hegaveabooktome.>>>Iwasgivenabookbyhim.2.Heboughtagiftforme.>>>Iwasboughtagiftbyhim.②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for。例：1.Hegavea
8、booktome.>>>Abookwasgiventomebyhim2.Heboughtagiftforme.>>>Agiftwasboughtformebyhim.3.有些不及物动词加介词构成“及物动词短语”，变成被动语态时注意不能丢掉介词例：lookafter,lookat,takec
