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1、doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2019.02.017地质高背景区铅锌矿废弃地土壤重金属污染评价刘晓媛,刘品祯,杜启露,沈乾杰,吴迪(贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001)摘要:调查研究了某废弃铅锌矿区周边农田土壤中重金属Hg、As、Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn的污染状况,并结合单因素指数法、地累积指数法、污染指数负荷法、灰色聚类法及聚类热图分析对重金属污染程度和空间分布状况进行评价,采用相关性分析和主成分分析识别污染途径。结果表明,研究区Cd、Zn、Hg、Pb、Cu和A
2、s含量均超过贵州省土壤背景值。Cd的外源污染最严重,Zn、Pb、Hg次之。重金属污染程度与河流以及距矿区距离呈正相关。主要污染因子为Cd,次要污染因子为Hg和Zn,各采样点均处于严重污染。研究区重金属来源可分为4类,Cu、Cd、Zn属工业源污染,主要为矿山开采;As、Hg污染与工业源和农业源有关;Cr、Pb含量受交通源与工业源以及自然源多方面影响。关键词:铅锌矿废弃地;重金属;污染评价;灰色聚类;聚类热图中图分类号:X820.4文献标志码:A文章编号:1007-7545(2019)02-0000-00EvaluationofHeavyM
3、etalPollutioninSoilofLead-ZincMineWastelandwithGeologicalHighBackgroundLIUXiao-yuan,LIUPin-zhen,DUQi-lu,SHENQian-jie,WUDi(KeyLaboratoryofMountainEnvironmentalInformationSystemandEcologicalEnvironmentProtection,GuizhouProvince,GuizhouNormalUniversity,Guiyang550001,China)A
4、bstract:PollutionstatusofHg,As,Cd,Cr,Pb,CuandZninfarmlandsoilaroundanabandonedlead-zincminingareawasinvestigated.Degreeofheavymetalpollutionandspatialdistributionwereevaluatedwithcombinationofsinglefactorindexmethod,groundaccumulationindexmethod,pollutionindexloadmethod,
5、greyclusteringmethodandclusteringheatmapanalysis.Pollutionpathwaywasidentifiedbycorrelationanalysisandprincipalcomponentanalysis.TheresultsshowthatconcentrationsofCd,Zn,Hg,Pb,CuandAsinsoilsofinvestigatedareaallexceedthebackgroundvalueofGuizhouProvince.Thesoilsareheavilyp
6、ollutedwithCd,moderatelypollutedwithZn,PbandHg.Degreeofpollutionpositivelycorrelateswithdistancetoriverandmine.ThemainpollutionfactorisCd,thesecondarypollutionfactorsareHgandZn,andallsamplingpointsareinseriouspollution.Thesourcesofheavymetalsinstudyareaaredividedintofour
7、categories.Cu,CdandZnareindustrialsourcesofpollution,mainlyfrommining.AsandHgpollutionarerelatedtoindustrialandagriculturalsourceswhilecontentofCrandPbisaffectedbymanysourcesoftransportationandindustrialsourcesaswellasnaturalsources.Keywords:lead-zincminewasteland;heavym
8、etals;pollutionassessment;greyclustering;clusterheatmap工业废弃地土壤重金属污染已引起人们的广泛关注。据2014年4月17日全国土壤污染状况调查公报[1