计算机专业英语课后答案清华大学出版社第二版（doc版）

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1、第一章Computersystemoverview(操作系统概述)I.Pre-readingQuestions1.Whatisadigitalcomputer?Thedigitalcomputerisadigitalsystemthatperformsvariouscomputationaltasks.Theword“digital”impliesthattheinformationinthecomputerisrepresentedbyvariablesthattakealimitednumberofdiscretevalues.Thesevaluesareproces

2、sedinternallybycomponentsthatcanmaintainalimitednumberofdiscretestates.Digitalcomputerisalsocalledelectroniccomputerorcomputer.2.Arethereanydifferencesbetweenthebinarynumbersystemandthecommondecimalnumbersystem?Thedecimaldigitshastendigits:0,1,2,…,and9.Thebinarynumbersystemhastwodigits:0a

3、nd1.Thebinarynumbersuseabase2.Thedecimaldigitsuseabase10.3.Howmanytypesofcomputersdoyouknow?Nameatleastfourofthem.Computersareusuallyclassifiedintofourbroadcategories:microcomputers,minicomputers,mainframecomputersandsupercomputers.IIFillinthefollowingblanks.1.Applicationsoftwareisdesigne

4、dtoaccomplishreal-worldtasksinfields.2.An8-bitsignedintegercanhaveanyvaluebetween-128and1273.Systemsoftwarecontrolsthecomputerandenablesittorunthehardwareandapplicationssoftware.4.Acomputersystemconsistsofhardwaresystemandsoftwaresystem.5.Listfourtypesofcomputers:microcomputers,minicomput

5、ers,mainframecomputers,andsupercomputers.IIITrueorFalse.1.Thesoftwaresystemisthephysicalequipmentthatyoucanseeandtouch.1.F2.Typically,adatavalueissettozerotorepresentFALSEand1valueforTRUE.2.F3.Intheearliestgeneral-purposecomputer,mostinputandoutputmediaweremagneticdisks.3.F4.Supercomputer

6、sarelargest,fastest,andmostexpensivecomputeravailable.4.T5.Acomputersystemconsistsofhardwaresystemandsoftwaresystem.5.TIVMatchingterms.1、(b)CPUTheprocessingunitisattheheartofacomputer.2、(c)bitAunitofinformationconveyedbyasinglebinarydigit.3、(a)integratedcircuit(IC)Acompleteelectroniccircu

7、itthatpackagestransistorsandotherelectroniccomponentsonasmallsiliconchip.4、(d)ASCIIAsystemforencodingcharactersasbinarydigits.VTranslatingTerms.(1)codingtechniques编码技术(2)applicationsoftware应用软件(3)floatingpointdata浮点数据(4)timesharing分时，分时技术(5)storagecapacities存储容量VICh