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1、INTRODUCTIONINanageofmaterialismlikeourownthephe-nomenonofspiritualpowerisassignificantandinspiringasitisrare.Nolongerassociatedwiththe"divineright"ofkings,ithassurvivedthedownfalloffeudalandtheocraticsystemsasamysticpersonalemanationinplaceofacoerciveweaponofsta
2、tecraft.Freedfromitsancientshacklesofdogmaanddespotismiteludesanalysis.Weknownothowtogaugeitseffectonothers,norevenuponour-selves.Likethewind,itpermeatestheatmos-pherewebreathe,andbaffleswhileitstimulatesthemindwithitsintangiblebutcompellingforce.Thispsychicpower
3、,whichthedeadweightofmaterialismisimpotenttosuppress,isrevealedinthelivesandwritingsofmenofthemostdi-versecreedsandnationalities.Apartfromthosewho,likeBuddhaandMahomet,havebeenraisedtotheheightofdemi-godsbyworshippingmil-lions,therearenameswhichleapinevitablytoth
4、emind--suchnamesasSavonarola,Luther,Cal-vin,Rousseau--whichstandfortypesandex-emplarsofspiritualaspiration.Tothishighpriesthoodofthequickamongthedead,whocandoubtthattimewilladmitLeoTolstoy--ageniuswhosegreatnesshasbeenobscuredfromusratherthanenhancedbyhisduality;
5、arealistwhostrovetodemolishthemysticismofChristianity,andbe-camehimselfamysticinthecontemplationofNature;amanofardenttemperamentandrobustphysique,keenlysusceptibletohumanpassionsanddesires,whobattledwithhimselffromearlymanhooduntilthespirit,gatheringstrengthwithy
6、ears,inexorablysubduedtheflesh.Tolstoytherealiststepswithoutcavilintothefrontrankofmodernwriters;Tolstoytheideal-isthasbeenconstantlyderidedandscornedbymenoflikebirthandeducationwithhimself--hisaltruismdenouncedasimpracticable,hispreachingcomparedwithhismodeoflif
7、etoprovehiminconsistent,ifnotinsincere.Thisistheprevailingattitudeofpoliticiansandliterarymen.Mustoneconcludethatthemassofmankindhaslosttouchwithidealism?Onthecontrary,inspiteofmodernmaterialism,orevenbecauseofit,manyleadersofspiritualthoughthaveariseninourtimes,
8、andhavewontheearofvastaudi-ences.Theirmessageisacalltoasimplerlife,toarecognitionoftheresponsibilitiesofwealth,totheavoidanceofwarbyarbitration,andsink-ingofcl
