软弱岩层巷道围岩控制的数值模拟分析研究

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1、软弱岩层巷道围岩控制的数值模拟分析研究吕志云1，夏明强2(1青海省第六地质矿产勘查院，格尔木816000；2青海省第三地质矿产勘查院，西宁810000)摘要：大倾角“三软”破碎带内巷道围岩失稳问题是矿山开采所面临的主要问题之一。本文以青海某金矿的软弱围岩巷道为背景进行了有限元模拟，发现大倾角破碎带巷道开挖后应力的重新分布，并且应力变化范围较大，其中拱腰和低边墙出现应力集中，发生拉应力破坏；并对应力集中区进行锚杆支护，有效地控制了围岩变形。关键词：大倾角“三软”巷道；有限元；围岩控制；锚杆支护Studyandc

2、ontrolonnumericalsimulationofsurroundingtheweakrockofthelanewayLvZhiyun1，XiaMingqiang2(16thGeologyandMineralResourcesSurveyInstituteinQinghai，Geermu816000；23thGeologyandMineralResourcesSurveyInstituteinQinghai,Xining810000)Abstract：Thedisabilityoflargeangle

3、lanewaywiththreesoftcrushedzoneisoneofthemajorproblems.Inthepaper,theweaksurroundinglanewayofthegoldmineinQinghaiwassimulatedandanalyzedwithFEM.Theresultisshownthatthestressdistributionwasalteredlargelyandtherangetochangeisbig;Thestressconcentrationtakespla

4、ceinlateralwallandcrownanditbelongstopullingstressdestroying;Thezonewithstressconcentrationissupportedwithanchorbolttocontrolthedeformationofsurroundingrockeffectively.Keywords：largeanglelanewaywiththreesoftcrushedzone;finiteelementmethod(FEM);surroundingro

5、ckcontrol;supportwithanchorbolt1引言青海某金矿矿体下盘破碎带平均厚度10米以上，倾角70°以上。位于下盘破碎带内的脉外巷道为大倾角“三软”巷道，巷道顶板均为破碎泥化带，围岩力学性质的呈现非线性，回采巷道变形量大，支护困难。因此本文以此破碎带地质条件为模型，对巷道支护前后的应力进行了对比分析，以解决此类巷道的围岩控制问题。2计算模型及分析过程2.1破碎带物理力学性质实验对破碎带内的各岩性做了物理力学性质实验，其详细参数见表1。表1岩性的物理力学性质及岩层分布Tab.1Physic

6、alandmechanicalpropertiesandthedistributionofRockstrata分层号煤层类别含水量/%容重/t/m3抗压强度/MPa抗拉强度/MPa泊松比内聚力/MPa内摩擦角/0o弹性模量/MPa厚度/m1灰黑色泥岩1.322.58017.941.700.2819.9436.720.9453.52灰色石灰岩0.342.99769.505.160.2922.2738.008.2533.53灰黑色砂质泥岩1.702.702591.940.264.7726.723.4392.54灰

7、黑色砂质泥岩1.702.70238.591.940.264.7726.723.4392.55泥岩1.302.63812.01.940.188.1924.001.2721.76灰色细砂岩1.532.75318.21.210.196.4341.000.7131.77黑灰色砂质泥岩1.302.63812.01.940.188.1924.001.2723.58黑灰色泥岩1.302.63812.01.940.188.1924.001.2721.09K断层泥1.391.3813.110.170.190.69740.500

8、.0802.010灰黑色粘土泥岩1.72.65020.81.900.3123.9739.001.0362.011黄褐色砂岩1.532.75318.21.210.196.4341.000.7131.512灰黑色泥岩1.362.72619.921.810.3022.8139.080.9882.013灰黑色状灰岩0.552.90072.25.200.2627.1438.406.8332.014灰黑色泥岩1