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1、摘要本工程为多层砖混民用住宅。建筑层数为六层、建筑高度为19.5m，基底占地面积为574.33㎡、总建筑面积3470.0㎡。抗震设防烈度7度、场地类别为Ⅱ类，结构设计使用年限为50年。本工程为二类建筑，耐火等级为二级，工程±0.00同绝对标高13.38m。砖混结构是指建筑物中竖向承重结构的墙、附壁柱等采用砖或砌块砌筑，柱、梁、楼板、屋面板、桁架等采用钢筋混凝土结构。通俗地讲，砖混结构是以小部分钢筋混凝土及大部分砖墙承重的结构，又称钢筋混凝土混合结构。因为砖混结构的主要承重结构是粘土砖，所以砖的形状及强度就决定了房屋的强度。可以这样说，砖的形
2、状越规则，砂浆的强度越高，灰缝越薄越均匀，砌体的强度就越高，房屋的耐用年限就越长。结构设计依据国家相关规范进行：计算各楼板和屋面板的恒荷载，同时确定活载值。根据荷载设计值计算出楼面和屋面的配筋。将板上均布荷载传给各墙,然后根据各墙所受荷载及墙体自重，验算墙体抗压承载力。根据抗震设防数据及结构重力荷载代表值，计算出水平地震作用下的各墙承担的剪力，并验算墙体的抗剪承载力。计算出各段基础上部荷载，并由此确定基础类型和配筋。经过验算，该结构符合安全性、可靠性要求。关键词:砖混结构、基础设计、住宅楼30AbstractThisengineeringi
3、samultistorybuilding.Itisabrickandconcretemixedstructure.Thebuildinghassixtiers,buildingheightis19.5m.Grossbuildingareais574.33m²,totalfloorspaceis3470.0m².Intensityofanti-seismicde--fenceisestablisheto7degree.ThefieldisclassificationisⅡ.Thestructureisdesignedtouse50years.
4、Theengineeringisthesecondtypebuilding,itsrefractoryranksthesecondgrade.Theengineeringisdesignedelevationisequalto13.38ofabsoluteelevation.Brickandconcretestructurereferstotheverticalbearingstructureofthebuildingwall,pilasteradoptsbrickorblockmasonry,column,beam,floor,roofp
5、anel,trussadoptingreinforcedconcretestructure.Generallyspeaking,abrickandconcretestructureisreinforcedconcreteandbrickwallbearingmostofthestructure,alsoknownasreinforcedconcretecompositestructure.Becausethebrickandconcretestructure,mainbearingstructureisclaybrick,sobricksh
6、apeandstrengthtodeterminethestrengthofthehouse.Itcanbesaidthattheshapeofthebrick,therulesofthemortarstrengthishigher,themortarjointthinmoreuniform,thestrengthofthemasonryishigher,thebuildingoftheservicelifeislonger.Structuraldesignaccordstothenationalspecialcodes:firstofal
7、l,wecalcu--lateeachfloorandroofisdeadliveofslab,andcarryliveloadatsametime.Accordingtocomputationofdesignload,wecandesigntheconcretereinforcementoffloorandroof.Transfertheuniformloadingtoeachwall,thanaccordingtotheloadthatwallsufferandself-weight,wecancheckthewalliscompres
8、sivebearingcapacity.Accordingtothedataofanti-seismicdefenceandstructuralrepresentativeval
