一简述下列概念：数据、数据元素、数据类型、数据结构、

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1、一简述下列概念：数据、数据元素、数据类型、数据结构、Neversighfortheyearsthathavegone,butmustfacethetimethatslipsaway.-BlyHittI.Thefollowingconceptsareoutlined:data,dataelements,datatypes,datastructures,logicalstructures,storagestructures,linearstructures,andnonlinearstructures・Answer：Data:anin

2、fonnationcarrierthatcanberecognized,storedandprocessedbyacomputer・Dataelements:thebasicunitofdata・Insomecases,dataelementsarealsocalledelements,nodes,vertices,andrecords.Dataelementscansometimesbecomposedofanumberofdataitems.Datatypes:acollectionofvaluesandasetofopera

3、tionsdefinedonthesevalues・Typically,datatypescanbeconsideredasdatastructuresthathavebeenimplementedinaprogramminglanguage・Datastructure:referstotherelationshipbetweenthedata,thatis,theformofdataorganization.Generallyincludesthreeaspects:thelogicalstructureofdata,stora

4、gestructureanddataoperation.Logicalstructure:thelogicalrelationbetweendataelements・Storagestructure:therepresentationofdataelementsandtheirrelationshipsincomputermemory,calledthestoragestructureofdata・Linearstructure:aclassofdatalogicstructures・Itischaracterizedbyifth

5、estructureisnonempty,thestructurehasonlyastartnodeandaterminalnode,andallnodeshaveonlyonedirectpredecessorandadirectsuccessor・Alineartableisatypicallinearstructure・Stacks,queues,strings,etc.arealllinearstructures・Nonlinearstructure:anotherlargecategoryofdatalogicstruc

6、ture・Itslogicalfeatureisthatanodemayhavemultipledirectforwardanddirectsuccessors・Datastructuressuchasarrays,generalizedtables,trees,andgraphsarenonlinearstructures・Two.Letnbeapositiveinteger,andusethelarge"0〃notationtorepresenttheexecutiontimeofthefollowingprogramsegm

7、entsasafunctionofn.(1)i=l;k=0;Wh订e(i

8、0;Do{K二k+10*i;i++;}Wh订e(i