[博弈论书籍].the.work.of.john.nash.in.game.theory

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1、THEWORKOFJOHNNASHINGAMETHEORYNobelSeminar,December8,1994(ThedocumentthatfollowsiseditedversionofaseminardevotedtothecontributionstogametheoryofJohnNash.Theparticipants,intheorderoftheirappearance,were:HAROLDW.KUHNDepartmentofMathematics,PrincetonUniversity,Princeton,

2、NJ08544,USAJOHNC.HARSANYITheWalterA.HaasSchoolofBusiness,UniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,Berkeley,CA94720,USAREINHARDSELTENDepartmentofEconomics,UniversityofBonn,Adenauerallee24-42,D-53113Bonn,GermanyJÖRGENW.WEIBULL,DepartmentofEconomics,StockholmUniversity,S-10691S

3、tockholm,SwedenERICVANDAMMECenterforEconomicResearch,TilburgUniversity,5037ABTilburg,TheNetherlandsJOHNF.NASH,JRDepartmentofMathematics,PrincetonUniversity,Princeton,NJ08544,USAPETERHAMMERSTEIN,Max-Plank-InstitutefürVerhaltensPhysiologie,82319Seewiesen,Germany,isthec

4、o-authoroftheinterventionofProfessorSelten.Aunifiedbibliographyfortheseminarisprovidedattheend.)KUHNItgivesmegreatpleasuretochairthisseminarontheimportanceofNash’sworkontheoccasionofthefirstNobelawardthatrecognizesthecentralimportanceofgametheoryincurrenteconomictheo

5、ry.IshallbejoinedbytwocolleagueswhomI’veknownforoverthirtyyears,JohnHarsanyiandReinhardSelten,twonewfriends,JörgenWeibullandEricvanDamme,andJohnNash,whomI’veknownsinceweweregraduatestudentstogetherinPrincetonforty-sixyearsago.Thetimingoftheseawardshashistoricalsignif

6、icance,sincethisyearisthefiftiethanniversaryofthepublicationof“TheTheoryofGamesandEconomicBehavior”[52]bythePrincetonUniversityPress.AlthoughvonJohnF.Nash161Neumannhadlaidthemathematicalfoundationofthetheoryofgamesinhispaperentitled“ZurTheoriederGesellshaftsspiele”[5

7、1],publishedintheMathematischeAnnalenin1928,itwaslargelythroughthecollaborationofvonNeumannandMorgensternthateconomistslearnedofthisnewtoolforanalyzingeconomicproblems.SomeofyoumayhavereadMorgenstern’sownaccount[33]ofthiscolla-boration.Thereisanewhistoricalstudy[29]b

8、yRobertLeonardoftheUniversityofQuebecatMontrealthatpointsoutthat“understandably,butregrettably,Morgenstern’sreminiscencesacrificess