deutscher g. new superconductors--from granular to high tc

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1、GuyDeutscherFromGranulartoHighTc——jig!);I,.]LI2.pui3^PWorldScientificNEWJERSEY

2、ltonStreet,CoventGarden,LondonWC2H9HEBritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.NEWSUPERCONDUCTORS:FROMGRANULARTOHIGHTcCopyright©2006byWorldScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.Allrightsreserved.Thisbook,orpartsthereof,maynotb

3、ereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recordingoranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystemnowknownortobeinvented,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher.Forphotocopyingofmaterialinthisvolume,pleasepayacopyingfeethroughtheCopyrightClearanceCen

4、ter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,USA.Inthiscasepermissiontophotocopyisnotrequiredfromthepublisher.ISBN981-02-3089-3PrintedinSingaporebyWorldScientificPrinters(S)PteLtdToAline,withloveForewordFewfieldsofsolidstatephysicshaveproducedsuchaworldwideflurryofstudiesandpublicati

5、onsassuperconductivity,especiallyafterthetwomajoradvancesthatwerethetheoreticalmodelofBardeen,CooperandShrieffer(BCS)andthediscoverybyBed-norzandMullerofthecupratesashightemperaturesuperconduc•tors(HTS).Inmorerecentyears,thefieldhasbeenextendingtonewmaterials,notablyorganicaswella

6、srareearthsoruraniumcompounds;abetterknowledgehasbeengainedofthestructureofmaterialsandtheirphysicalproperties,whiletheextremevarietyofproposedmodelsbesidesBCS'shasnowconvergedtowardsveryfewtypesofsolutionsforHTSmaterials.Butsofar,nonewtypeofma•terialhasbeendevelopedthatcouldbeuse

7、datroomtemperature.TheindustrialproductionofNbTi,NbaSnorcupratewiresabletosustainlargemagneticfieldsatliquidnitrogenorlowertemperatureshasmadepossibletheuseofmagnetsforMRIstudiesaswellasforlargeaccelerators.Thisispresentlythemainindustrialapplicationofmoderateor"high"temperaturesu

8、perconductivity;butthelargecritic