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1、原文:RoutinebrakesystemmaintenanceThebrakingsystemisthemostimportantsystemonacar.Ifthebrakesdorftworkproperly,theresultcanbedisastrous.Sothegoodbrakesareessentialforsafety.Therearetwocompletelyindependentbrakingsystemsonaca匚Oneistheservicebrake,andtheotherisparkingbrake.Theservicebrakeactstoslow
2、,stop,orholdthevehicleduringnormaldriving.Theyarefoot-operatedbythedriverdepressingandreleasingthebrakepedal.Theparkingbrake'spurposesaretoholdacarstationarywhileitisunattended,andtokeepthecarfromrollingonunleveledground.Itisalsocalledthehandbrake.Basically,allcarbrakesarefrictionbrakes.Whenth
3、edriverappliesthebrake,thecontroldevicewillforcebrakeshoesorpadsagainsttherotatingbrakedrumsordiscsatwheels.Frictionbetweentheshoesorpadsandthedrumsordisksthenslowsorstopsthewheelssothatthecarisbraked.DiscbrakeDiscbrakesareusedonthefrontwheelsofmostcarsandonallfourwheelsonmanycars.Themaincompo
4、nentsofadiscbrakearethebrakepads,thecaliperwhichcontainsapiston,andtherotorwhichismountedtothehub.Thediscbrakeisalotlikethebrakesonabicycle.Bicyclebrakeshaveacaliper,whichsqueezesthebrakepadsagainstthewheel.Inadiscbrake,thebrakepadssqueezetherotorinsteadofthewheel,andtheforceistransmittedhydra
5、ulicallyinsteadofthroughacable.Frictionbetweenthepadsandthediscslowsthediscdown.Amovingcarhasacertainamountofkineticenergy,andthebrakeshavetoremovethisenergyfromthecarinordertostopit.Thebrakesconvertthekineticenergytoheatgeneratedbythefrictionbetweenthepadsandthedisc,sothecarstops.DrumbrakeSoi
6、fdiskbrakesaresogreat,howcomewestillhavecarswithdrumbrakes?Thereasoniscost.Whileallmostvehiclesformanyyearshavediskbrakesonthefrontwheels,drumbrakesarecheapertoproducefortherearwheels.DrumbrakeisshowninFig.Drumbrakesconsistofabackingplate,brakeshoes,brakedrum,wheelcylinder,returnspringsandanau
7、tomaticorself-adjustingsystem.Whenyouapplythebrakes,thewheelcylinderpushesthebrakeshoesintocontactwiththemachinedsurfaceontheinsideofthedrum.Whenthepressureisreleased,returnspringspulltheshoesbacktotheirrestposition.Asthebrakeliningswea
