有毒物质泄漏事故应急处置对策研究

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1、有毒物质泄漏事故处置对策研究摘要随着化学工业的迅速发展，齐种危险化学品的种类和数量不断增多，并广泛应用于工农业生产和居民□常生活。由此引发的有毒物质泄漏事故数量也急剧上升，给国家和人民群众的生命、财产以及生态环境造成极大的危害。消防部队作为化学事故处置的主耍力量，具备了处置能力，积累了一定的实践经验，在处置有毒物质泄漏事故中发挥着“拳头”和“尖刀”的作用。尽管如此，消防部队对有毒物质泄漏事故的处置能力，尤其是对于复杂条件下、重特大有毒物质泄漏事故的处置，仍略显不足。为了有效开展救援行动，提高现场处置能力

2、，进一步加强对有毒物质泄漏事故处置的研究具有十分重耍的现实意义。本文分析了有毒物质泄漏事故的类型、点、危害和我国有毒物质泄漏事故的现状，指出了消防部队处置过程中存在的主要问题和处置难点，探讨有毒物质泄漏事故处置原则，并有针对性的对现场侦检、警戒区域的划定、处置泄漏、人员的防护与安全疏散提出了处置的对策，为消防部队参与救援行动提供借鉴和参考。关键词有毒物质；泄漏；处置对策AbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentofthechemicalindustry,thekindsofdange

3、rouschemicalreagentsareincreasingcontinuouslyandthenumbersaregettinglarge,too.Theyarealsowidelyusedinindustryandagricultureproductionandpeople'da订ylife.Becauseofthis,thenumbersoftheaccidentswhicharecausedbytheleakofpoisonareincreasingsharply.Itbringsgrea

4、tharmtoournation,peopledpropertyandourenvironment.Thefightingforcesastheprimarypowertomanagethesechemicalaccidentshavethefacultyofmanagementandaccumulatesomepracticalexperienceandplayanimportantpartinthepoisonleakaccidents.Nevertheless,thefirefightingfor

5、cesarestillnotverygoodatdealingwithsomepoisonleakaccidents,especiallyinthecomplicatedconditionordealingwithsomesignificantpoisonleakaccidents.Inordertolaunchrescueactioneffectivelyandimprovethefacultyofmanagementatthescene,makingfurtherresearchindealingw

6、ithpoisonleakaccidentshasveryimportantimmediatesignificance.Thisthesisanalyzesthetypes,thefeatures,theharmofthepoisonleakaccidentsandthepresentsituationofthepoisonleakaccidentsinourcountryandpointsoutthemainproblemsanddifficultiesduringthecourseofdisposa

7、l.Thethesisalsotriestoexploretheprinciplesofmanagingtheseaccidentsandfocusesonthequestionsofreconnoiteringandexaminingatthescene,definingtheregionofsecurity,dealingwiththeleakingissues,protectingthestafffrominjury,andsecurelyscatteringpeople.Itgivessomes

8、olutionstothesequestionsandoffersexperiencesandreferencesforthefirefightingforcestoanticipatetherescueaction.Keywordspoisonousmaterials;leaking;disposalcountermeasures目录摘要IAbstractII目录Ill1引言12有毒物质泄漏事故分析22.1有毒物质泄漏事故统计22.2泄漏