thereconstructiverateofheadwaterstreamsacasestudyonthetou-bian-kengwatershed

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1、集水區上游溪流整治率之研究-以頭汴坑集水區為例劉佳芳(1)鄧英慧(2)周文杰(3)摘要本研究是以地理資訊系統配合影像處理技術，分析頭汴坑集水區之地文及水文特性，並將各項參數之資料自動轉成農業非點源污染模式之資料格式；用以評估集水區逕流水質、水量、與泥砂產量，供集水區溪流整治規畫設計之參考，所得結果摘述如下：子集水區自動判識，可分段計算河道安全與合理之斷面。農業非點源污染模式之地表覆蓋因子(C)，可利用衛星影像資料計算集水區之常態差異植生指標(NormalizedDifferenceVegetationIndex,NDVI)；經線性反向配置後(植生覆蓋濃密之林地為0.001；崩塌裸地為

2、1.0)，可估算集水區內各小區之地表覆蓋因子，免除資料缺乏或主觀上不合理之認定。農業非點源污染模式係採用單場暴雨為評估基準，雖無法有效的評估集水區之年土壤流失量，惟可模擬設計頻率年之降雨強度，推算集水區各河段之逕流與土砂生產量，供溪流整治之參考。關鍵字：地理資訊系統、農業非點源污染模式、常態差異植生指標(1)：國立中興大學水土保持學系碩士生(2)：台灣電力公司發電處水土保持專業工程師(3)：中華大學土木系講師Thereconstructiverateofheadwaterstreams:AcasestudyontheTou-Bian-KengwatershedChia-FangLiu

3、(1)Ying-huiTeng(2)Wen-ChiehChou(3)(1)：DepartmentofSoilandWaterConservation,NationalChung-HsingUniversity,Taichung,Taiwan,ROC.(2)：ProfessionalEngineerofSoil&WaterConservation,DepartmentofPowerProduction,TaiwanPowerCompany(3)：DepartmentofcivilEngineering,ChungHuaUniversity,Hsinchu,Taiwan,ROC.ABST

4、RACTBasedonthegeographicinformationsystemcoupledwithsatelliteimageanalysistechnology,thisstudyestablishedanautomaticdelineationsystemtotransformthewatershedtopographicandhydrologicdataintotherequiredagriculturalnon-pointsourcepollutioninformation.Thebasincharacteristicsforevaluatingrunoffqualit

5、y,quantity,andsedimentyieldcanbeobtainedbythesystemandtoprovidebasicdesigningreferencesforheadwaterstreamsreconstruction.Theresultsobtainedarepresentedasfollows.Thereasonableandstablestreamprofilescanbeobtainedusingsub-watershedautomaticdelineation.Thesurfacecoverfactor(C)intheagriculturalnon-p

6、ointsourcepollutionmodelcanbeacquiredbythecalculationofnormalizeddifferencevegetationindex(NDVI)andtheusingsatelliteimagelinearreversetransformationtransformation(densevegetationcoverforforestlandis0.001;landslidebaresoilis1.0).Thelandcovercharacteristicderivedfromthismethodiscapableofavoidingt

7、hedeficiencycausedbythelackofdatabaseandtheirrationaldiscriminationsubjectively.Theagriculturalnon-pointsourcepollutionmodelisbasedonsingleevent,soitisunabletoevaluatetheyearlytotalsoillossquantityofthewatershed.However,therunoffa