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1、第二部分名词解释LEnglishlexicologyEnglishLexicologyisabranchoflinguisticsconcernedwiththevocabularyoftheEnglishlanguageinrespecttowordsandwordequivalents・2.wordAwordmaybedefinedasafundamentalunitofspeechandaminimumfreeform;withaunityofsoundandmeaning(bothlexicalandgrammaticalmeaning),capableofper
2、formingagivensyntacticfunction.3.vocabularyAllthewordsinalanguagetogetherconstitutewhatisknownasitsvocabulary・4.nativewordsWordsofAnglo-SaxonoriginorofOldEnglisharecallednativewords.5.loanwordsWordsborrowedfromotherlanguagesarecalledloanwords.TheyarealsocalledforeignwordsandboiTOwedwords・
3、6.commonwordsCommonwordsarealsocalledpopularwords・Theyarewordsconnectedwiththeordinarythingsoractivitiesnecessarytoeverydaylife.Commonwordsareneutralinstyle.7.literarywordsLiterarywordsarewordschieflyusedinwriting,especiallyinbookswritteninamoreelevatedstyle,inofficialdocuments,orinformal
4、speeches.Literarywordsareformalinstyle.8・archaicwordsArchaicwordsarewordsnolongerincommonuse,althoughretainedforspecialpuipose・9・poeticalwordsPoeticalwordsarewordsthataretraditionallyusedonlyinpoetry.10ecolloquialwordsColloquialwordsarewordsorexpressionsmainlyusedinspokenEnglishandinforma
5、lwritings.ILslangwordsSlangwordsarelanguage,wordsorphrasesofavigorous,colorful,facetious,ortaboonature,inventedforspecificoccasions,oruses,orderivedfromtheunconventionaluseofthestandardvocabulary・12.technicalwordsTechnicalwordsarewordsusedinvariousspecialfields.13.functionwordsFunctionwor
6、dsareusuallyshortwordssuchasdeterminers,conjunctions,prepositions,auxiliariesandsoforth,whichservegrammaticallythananythingelse.14.contentwordsContentwordsarewordswhichareusedtonameobjects,qualities,actions,processesorstates,andhaveindependentlexicalmeaning.15.basicwordstockThebasicwordst
7、ockisthefoundationofthevocabularyaccumulatedovercenturiesandformsthecommoncoreofthelanguage.Thesewordshavefourobviouscharacteristics:nationalcharacter,stability,word-formingabilityandabilitytoformcollocations.Theyarewordswhicharemostfrequentlyusedandwhichareessentia
