【今日哲学系列】蒯因

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1、W.V.QuinePhilosophyNowSeriesEditor:JohnShandThisisafreshandvitalseriesofnewintroductionstotoday’smostread,discussedandimportantphilosophers.Combiningrigorousanalysiswithauthoritativeexposition,eachbookgivesaclear,com-prehensiveandenthrallingaccesstotheideasofthosephiloso

2、pherswhohavemadeatrulyfundamentalandoriginalcontributiontothesubject.Togetherthevolumescomprisearemarkablegalleryofthethinkerswhohavebeenattheforefrontofphilosophicalideas.PublishedThomasKuhnJohnSearleAlexanderBirdNickFotionRobertNozickCharlesTaylorA.R.LaceyRuthAbbeyW.V.

3、QuinePeterWinchAlexOrensteinColinLyasForthcomingDonaldDavidsonThomasNagelMarcJosephAlanThomasMichaelDummettHilaryPutnamBernhardWeissDermotMoranSaulKripkeJohnRawlsG.W.FitchCatherineAudardJohnMcDowellRichardRortyTimThorntonAlanMalachowskiW.V.QuineAlexOrenstein©AlexOrenstei

4、n,2002ThisbookiscopyrightundertheBerneConvention.Noreproductionwithoutpermission.Allrightsreserved.Firstpublishedin2002byAcumenAcumenPublishingLimited15aLewinsYardEastStreetCheshamBucksHP51HQwww.acumenpublishing.co.ukISBN:1-902683-30-7(hardcover)ISBN:1-902683-31-5(paperb

5、ack)BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.DesignedandtypesetinCenturySchoolbookbyKateWilliams,Abergavenny.PrintedandboundbyBiddlesLtd.,GuildfordandKing’sLynn.DedicatedtothememoryofPaulScatena,studentandfri

6、endContentsPrefaceix1Introduction12Expressinganontology11Thenewwayofconstruingexistenceclaims11Thenewlogic:acanonicalnotation15Thesemanticsideofontologicalcommitment24ChallengingQuineonexpressingexistence343Decidingonanontology39Somerivaltwentieth-centuryontologies39Opti

7、ngforanontology:indispensabilityarguments46Quine’sontology52ConflictwithCarnapoverontology61Inscrutabilityofreference67ChallengingQuine:indispensabilityarguments714Thespectreofaprioriknowledge75Theproblemofaprioriknowledge75Duhemian–Holisticempiricismandthedogmaofreducti

8、onism79Theeffectsofdispensingwiththeapriori87ChallengingQuine:naturalismandtheapriori88viiContents5Then