principlesofeconomics经济学十大原理

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1、经济学十大原理PrinciplesofEconomics——byNGregoryMankiwPrinciple#1PeopleFaceTradeoffsWefacetradeoffseveryday.Tradeoffsoccurwhenconstraintssuchasbudgetortimeforceustogiveuponethinginordertogetsomethingelse.Johnisahighschoolseniorfacingatrade-offwhoseoutcomewillhelptoguidethecourseofhislife

2、.Johnistryingtochoosetherightcollege.HisgradepointaverageandSATscoreshaveplacedhimintheupperpercentileofhisclassandhavemadehimaveryattractiveprospectforanycollege.ForJohn,anumberoffactorsdeterminehisultimatechoice.Hehastocomparetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachinstitution.Inthi

3、sway,hecanmakeappropriatetradeoffstoreachaninformeddecision.OnepossibilityforJohnisacommutercollegeclosetohishome.IfJohnchoosesthisschool,hewillliveathomeandhavealowertuitioncost.Eachofthesefactorswillkeeptheoverallcostofhiseducationaffordable.ButJohnhashisheartsetonacareerasanar

4、chitectandthecommutercollegehaslimitedcourseworkinthisarea.John’snextoptionisaprivateuniversityinanotherpartofthecountry.Thisuniversitywillprovidehimwithadegreeinarchitectureandalsohasaninternationalreputation,onethatwillgiveJohngreatercredibilitywhenheappliestograduateschool.But

5、theschoolmayalsobeprohibitivelyexpensive.Also,leavinghomemayprovidefreedombutwillalsobealessstructuredenvironmentthanheisusedto.Johnhasathirdchoice:astateschool.Thestateschooloffersapossiblecompromisebetweenthecommutercollegeandtheprivateuniversity.ItalsooffersJohnadegreeinarchit

6、ecturewherehewillbereasonablyclosetohomeandfriendsandhistuitioncostswillbelowerthantheprivateschool.Buttheprivateschool’sarchitectureprogramhasaninternationalreputationanditsaverageclasssizeismuchsmallerandthereforemorepersonal.Johnmustnowevaluateeachofthesefactorsbasedonhisownne

7、edsanddesires.Forexample,John’sfirstpriorityisgettingthebestpossibleeducation.Heknowsthatcompetitionforagraduatedegreeinarchitecturewillbeverystiffandhewantshisbestfootforwardwhenthetimescomes.Hissecondpriorityiswherehelives.Johnwantstostaynearhomewherehecanbenearhisfriendsandfam

8、ily.Inthefinalanalysis,though,John’sdeci