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1、TheOxfordThesaurusAnA-ZDictionaryofSynonymsINTROIntroduction=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-Initsnarrowestsense,asynonymisawordorphrasethatisperfectlysubstitutableinacontextforanotherwordorphrase.Peoplewhostudylanguageprofessionallyagreethatther
2、eisnosuchthingasanidealsynonym,foritisvirtuallyimpossibletofindtwowordsorphrasesthatareidenticalindenotation(meaning),connotation,frequency,familiarity,andappropriateness.Indeed,linguistshavelongnotedtheeconomyoflanguage,whichsuggeststhatnolanguagepermitsaperfectfit,inallrespects,betweenany
3、twowordsorphrases.Manyexamplesofoverlappingcanbecited;themoreobviousonesinEnglisharethosethatreflectaduplicationarisingfromGermanicandRomancesources,likemotherlyandmaternal,farmingandagriculture,teachandinstruct.InsuchpairsthenativeEnglishformisoftentheonewithanearthier,warmerconnotation.In
4、someinstances,whereanewcoinageoraloanwordhasbeenadoptedinadvertentlyduplicatinganexistingterm,creating'true'synonyms,thetwowillquicklydiverge,notnecessarilyinmeaningbutinusage,application,connotation,level,orallofthese.Forexample,scientistssomeyearsagoexpresseddissatisfactionwiththetermtida
5、lwave,forthephenomenonwasnotcausedbytidesbut,usually,bysubmarineseismicactivity.ThewordtsunamiwasborrowedfromJapaneseinanattempttodescribethephenomenonmoreaccurately,butitwaslaterpointedoutthetsunamimeans'tidalwave'inJapanese.Today,thetermsexistsidebysideinEnglish,theolderexpressionstillinc
6、ommonuse,thenewermorefrequentinthescientificandtechnicalliterature.Anysynonymbookmustbeseenasacompromisethatreliesonthesensitivityofitsuserstotheidiomaticnuancesofthelanguage.Initsbestapplications,itservestoremindusersofwords,similarinmeaning,thatmightnotspringreadilytomind,andtoofferlistso
7、fwordsandphrasesthatarealternativestoandcompromisesforthosethatmightotherwisebeoverusedandthereforeredundant,repetitious,andboring.TheOxfordThesaurusgoesastepfurtherbyofferingexamplesentencestoillustratetheusesoftheheadwordsandtheiralternativesinnatural,
