019518971x.oxford.university.press.usa.the.triumph.of.the.fungi.a.rotten.history.aug.2006

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1、TheTriumphoftheFungiThispageintentionallyleftblankTheTriumphoftheFungiARottenHistoryNICHOLASP.MONEY2007OxfordUniversityPress,Inc.,publishesworksthatfurtherOxfordUniversity'sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship,andeducation.OxfordNewYorkAucklandCapeTownDaresSalaamHongKongKarachiK

2、ualaLumpurMadridMelbourneMexicoCityNairobiNewDelhiShanghaiTaipeiTorontoWithofficesinArgentinaAustriaBrazilChileCzechRepublicFranceGreeceGuatemalaHungaryItalyJapanPolandPortugalSingaporeSouthKoreaSwitzerlandThailandTurkeyUkraineVietnamCopyright©2007byOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.Publishedby

3、OxfordUniversityPress,Inc.198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NewYork10016www.oup.comOxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPressAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordin

4、g,orotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataMoney,NicholasP.Thetriumphofthefungi:arottenhistory/NicholasP.Money.p.cm.Includesindex.ISBN-13978–0–19–518971–1ISBN0–19–518971–X1.Fungaldiseasesofplants—History.2.Fungi—History.

5、I.Title.SB733.M592006632′.4—dc222005037223987654321ForAdam,mystepsonThispageintentionallyleftblankPrefaceThisbookisconcernedwiththemostdevastatingfungaldiseasesinhistory.Thesearetheplaguesoftreesandcropplants,causedbyinvisiblesporesthathavereshapedentirelandscapesanddecimatedhumanpopul

6、ations.EveryoneisawareoftheIrishpotatofamine,butwhilemanyotherfungaldiseasesarelessfamiliar,theyhavehadsimilarlydisastrousconsequences.TheTriumphoftheFungifocusesonthefascinatingbiologyofthewell-knownandlesser-knowndiseases.Italsotellsthestoriesofthescientistsinvolvedintheirstudyandoft

7、hepeopledirectlyaffectedbythelossofforesttreesincludingthechestnut,andcashcropssuchascoffeeandcacao.Althoughabookaboutfungalepidemicsisn'ttailor-madeforanintoxicatingandupliftingread,thechronicleofthemycologistsandplantpathologistsengagedincombattingthesediseasesisoneofhumanoptimism(